Direct and Maternal Variances and Covariances and Maternal Phenotypic Effects on Preweaning Growth of Beef Cattle

Cantet, Rodolfo Juan Carlos; Kress, D. D.; Anderson, Donald C.; Doornbos, D. E.; Burfening, P. J.; Blackwell, R. L.

doi:10.2527/jas1988.663648x

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This result agrees with Koch (1972), who concluded that maternal ability of cows was not affected by their dam's maternal ability, whereas Cantet et al (1988) obtained estimates of −.15 for the path between maternal phenotypes of dam and daughter. Koch Table 3.…”

Section: Birth Weightsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Koch (1972) suggested a dam-offspring regression coefficient of −.10 to −.20 for gain from birth to weaning, and Cantet et al (1988) found a similar value of −.25 for weaning weight. Analyses for other traits (not presented) gave results for gain from birth to weaning similar to weaning weight, and grandmaternal effects did not seem to be important for postweaning gain, final weight, muscle score, and an index of yearling weight and muscle score.…”

Section: Weaning Weightmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…A granddam with a superior maternal ability overfeeds her daughter, and thereby development of her daughter's udder tissue is inhibited such that the maternal ability of the daughter is below average (Totusek et al, 1971). Among others, Willham (1972), Koch (1972), Baker (1980), and Cantet et al (1988) were concerned that a negative influence of dams on their daughters' maternal ability, which is often discussed in terms of a negative dam-offspring correlation, may cause a negative bias in the covariance between direct and maternal effects. Animal models used to analyze maternally influenced traits typically include direct and maternal effects and the covariance between them, and a permanent environmental effect of the dam (e.g., Waldron et al, 1993, Robinson, 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parameter estimates for direct, maternal, and grandmaternal genetic effects for birth weight and weaning weight in Hereford cattle.

Dodenhoff

Vleck

Kachman

et al. 1998

Journal of Animal Science

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ABSTRACT:Birth and weaning weights adjusted for age of dam from four lines of Hereford cattle were analyzed to determine the relationships among grandmaternal, maternal, and direct genetic effects. Three lines were selected for 1 ) weaning weight (WWL), 2 ) yearling weight (YWL), and 3 ) an index of yearling weight and muscle score (IXL). The fourth line was an unselected control line (CTL). Numbers of observations ranged from 1,699 (CTL) to 2,811 (WWL), and number of animals in the pedigree file ranged from 2,266 to 3,192. Two animal models were used to obtain estimates by REML using an average information method. Model 1 included random direct and maternal genetic, permanent maternal environmental, and residual environmental effects, and fixed sex × year effects. Model 2 additionally included random grandmaternal genetic and permanent grandmaternal environmental effects. For birth weight, Models 1 and 2 gave almost identical estimates for direct and maternal heritability, and for the fraction of variance that was due to maternal permanent environmental effects. Estimates for grandmaternal heritability could be obtained only for IXL (.03) and CTL (.01). For weaning weight, estimates for direct heritability were similar from both models. Estimates for maternal heritability from Model 1 were .18, .20, .13, and .20, and corresponding estimates from Model 2 were .34, .31, .13, and .34 for WWL, YWL, IXL, and CTL, respectively. For IXL, estimates for variances that were due to grandmaternal genetic and grandmaternal permanent environmental variances could not be obtained and were set to zero. Grandmaternal heritability estimates for WWL, YWL, and CTL were .05, .09, and .12. Estimates of correlations between direct and maternal genetic effects were −.13, −.44, −.11, and −.26 for WWL, YWL, IXL, and CTL. Estimates of correlations between direct and grandmaternal genetic effects were .21, .83, and .55, and those between maternal and grandmaternal genetic effects were −.99, −.84, and −.76 for WWL, YWL, and CTL, respectively. These results indicate that grandmaternal effects may be important for weaning weight and that maternal heritability may be underestimated if grandmaternal effects are not included in the model.

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Section: Birth Weightsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Weaning Weightmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parameter estimates for direct, maternal, and grandmaternal genetic effects for birth weight and weaning weight in Hereford cattle.

Dodenhoff

Vleck

Kachman

et al. 1998

Journal of Animal Science

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“…For CE no comparable estimates were found in the literature. These large negative correlations reported in numerous studies (Baker, 1980;Cantet et al, 1988;Meyer, 1992a) between direct and maternal effects, may according to Meyer (1992b), be due to management practices or environmentally induced negative dam-offspring covariances or selective reporting of data (Mallinckrodt et al, 1995) or sire x year interactions (Robinson, 1996) and do not always reflect true adverse genetic relationships between growth and maternal performance. The latter may probably be a reason for the high covariance between direct and maternal effects for CE related to early calving of heifers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-weaning growth traits of the Hereford breed in a multibreed composite beef cattle population

Skrypzeck¹,

Schoeman²,

Jordaan³

et al. 2000

SA J. An. Sci.

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Data from a multibreed composite beef cattle population, managed under intensive irrigated grazing conditions, were used to estimate direct additive heritabilities (h 2 a ), maternal heritabilities (h 2 m ) and maternal permanent environmental effects (c 2 ) for birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW) of the calf and cow efficiency of the dam (CE: WW/dam weight 0.75 x 100). Calves born between 1968 and 1993 (n = 52628) had varying levels of Hereford genes, ranging from 0% to 100%, with an average of 19.3%. Direct heritabilities, fitting unitrait models, were 0.72, 0.54 and 0.19 for BW, WW and CE, respectively, with corresponding estimates of maternal heritabilities being 0.14, 0.21 and 0.42. Genetic correlations between direct and maternal effects (r am ) were negative for all three traits, varying from -0.40 to -0.65. Maternal permanent environmental effects were 0.06, 0.12 and 0.11 for BW, WW and CE, respectively. Direct breeding values and maternal breeding values for BW and WW decreased with increasing proportion of Hereford. Direct breeding value for CE increased, while maternal breeding value for CE reached a minimum value at 0.62 proportion of Hereford.

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“…In general, the average estimates of d2 obtained in the present study are high compared with estimates from previous studies using traditional procedures. Hohenboken and Brinks ( 19 7 1) reported that from 10.3 to 12.2% of the total variance was due t o direct dominance effects on weaning weight of Hereford linecross calves; also for Herefords, Cantet et al (1988) found estimates of 7 and 9% for birth weight and weaning weight, respectively. However, Deese and Koger ( 1967) found no variability attributable to dominance effects on preweaning growth rate of Brahman and Brahman-Shorthorn calves.…”

Section: (Co)variance Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of non-additive genetic variances in three synthetic lines of beef cattle using an animal model2

Rodríguez-Almeida

Vleck

Willham³

et al. 1995

Journal of Animal Science

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Direct and Maternal Variances and Covariances and Maternal Phenotypic Effects on Preweaning Growth of Beef Cattle

Cited by 47 publications

References 23 publications

Parameter estimates for direct, maternal, and grandmaternal genetic effects for birth weight and weaning weight in Hereford cattle.

Parameter estimates for direct, maternal, and grandmaternal genetic effects for birth weight and weaning weight in Hereford cattle.

Pre-weaning growth traits of the Hereford breed in a multibreed composite beef cattle population

Estimation of non-additive genetic variances in three synthetic lines of beef cattle using an animal model2

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