Direct chemiluminescence determination of penicillin G potassium and a chemometrical optimization approach

Abstract

A highly selective and simple chemiluminescence (CL) method for determination of penicillin G potassium (PGK) was developed. In the proposed method, CL was elicited from PGK upon its oxidation with H(2)O(2). The light emission was enhanced in the presence of N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB). An experimental design, central composite design (CCD), was used to realize the optimized variables, including pH, surfactant (CTMAB) and H(2)O(2) concentrations. Under optimum condition, the calibration graph was linear in the range 3.3 × 10(-3) -3.3 × 10(-1) mmol/L, with a detection limit of 8.8 × 10(-4) mmol/L for PGK. The precision was calculated by analysing samples containing 1.6 × 10(-1) mmol/L PGK (n = 5) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.40%. The utility of this method was demonstrated by determining PGK in pharmaceutical formulations for injection. The proposed method was validated by a reference method.

Flow‐injection chemiluminescence determination of gentamicin: optimization by central composite design

“…Also, Fig. 4 demonstrate that all of the four operational variables affect the response variable non-linearly and there is not significant interaction among operational factors (25,26). So, all the contour plots confirmed the developed second-order polynomial equation as a regression model between dependent factors and response factor in this work.…”

“…CL detection has advantages including simplicity of operation, low cost of instrumentation, high selectivity, wide dynamic range, reproducibility and rapidity (23). This method has recently been suggested for the determination of antibiotics such as amoxicillin (24), penicillin (25,26) and aminoglycoside (21,22) compounds. Combination of a flow analysis technique with CL detection provides a simple and reproducible way of screening a wide variety of analytes, including pharmaceuticals.…”

A perspective on the growth of chemometrics in Iran: a glance into activities between 2005 and 2012

“…Among them, 340 papers are categorized in the subject field of chemistry. The multivariate statistical methods are most used in chromatography, spectrophotometry, electrochemistry, and applied chemistry . Our search showed that there are only eight documents in the field of experimental design published by Iranian chemists from 2000 to 2004.…”

Cupric oxide nanoparticles‐enhanced chemiluminescence method for measurement of β‐lactam antibiotics

“…CL reactions have found a myriad of analytical applications in various fields including clinical , pharmaceutical , environmental and food . The achievement of CL approaches in gaining the avid attention of analytical chemists may be attributed to their many advantages, such as high sensitivity, wide linear dynamic range, usually very low detection limits, ease of operation, and relatively simple and cost‐effective instrumentation due to absence of an excitation light lamp and a wavelength selector system . However, in some cases, poor selectivity and relatively low emission intensity of some CL reactions have been two main drawbacks that could impede further expansion of CL application techniques .…”