Direct deposition of diamond films on steel using a three-step process

Gowri, M.; Li, H.; Schermer, J.J.; Enckevort, W.J.P. van; Meulen, J. J. ter

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2005.10.040

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Gowri et al proposed that diamond films could be successfully deposited on steel substrates without a pre-coating interlayer by the following procedure through using hot-filament CVD [39]. In the first step, a high substrate temperature and a high methane percentage were used to achieve a faster critical carbon concentration and hence a shorter incubation time for diamond nucleation.…”

Section: Special Controls Of Deposition Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Deposition on Iron and Steel Substrates: A Review

et al. 2020

Micromachines

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This article presents an overview of the research in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond films on steel substrates. Since the steels are the most commonly used and cost-effective structural materials in modern industry, CVD coating diamond films on steel substrates are extremely important, combining the unique surface properties of diamond with the superior toughness and strength of the core steel substrates, and will open up many new applications in the industry. However, CVD diamond deposition on steel substrates continues to be a persistent problem. We go through the most relevant results of the last two and a half decades, including recent advances in our group. This review discusses the essential reason of the thick catalytic graphite interlayer formed on steel substrates before diamond deposition. The high carbon diffusion in iron would induce severe internal carburization, and then voluminous graphite precipitated from the substrate. In order to hinder the catalytic graphite formation, various methods have been applied for the adherent diamond film deposition, such as pre-imposed various interlayers or multi-interlayers, special controls of the deposition process, the approaches of substrate alloying and so on. We found that adherent diamond films can be directly deposited on Al alloying steel substrates, and then the role of Al alloying element was examined. That is a thin dense amorphous alumina sublayer in situ formed on the alloying substrate, which played a critical role in preventing the formation of graphite phase and consequently enhancing diamond growth and adhesion. The mechanism of Al alloying suggests that the way used to improve hot corrosion resistance is also applicable. Then, some of the hot corrosion resistance methods, such as aluminizing, siliconizing, and so on, which have been used by some researchers examining CVD diamond films on steel substrates, are reviewed. Another way is to prepare diamond-like carbon (DLC) films on steel substrates at low temperature, and then the precipitated graphite from the internal carburization can be effectively avoided. In addition, based on some new findings, the understanding of the diamond nucleation and metastable growth is discussed.

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Section: Special Controls Of Deposition Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Deposition on Iron and Steel Substrates: A Review

et al. 2020

Micromachines

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“…Diamond‐coated metals may offer a practical solution to this problem because of the low friction coefficient and ultra‐low wear rate of these materials 3, 4. In addition, diamond coatings exhibit many other superior properties attractive for orthopedic implants, such as high chemical resistance, high fracture toughness and high bonding strength to various substrates 5–9. Furthermore, the feasibility of modifying diamond coatings with different macromolecules possibly enables better clinical performance for orthopedic prosthetic applications 10, 11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopedic nano diamond coatings: Control of surface properties and their impact on osteoblast adhesion and proliferation

Yang

Sheldon

Webster

2008

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Abstract:The superior mechanical and tribological properties of diamond coatings suggest their promise for improving current orthopedic implants. Therefore, understanding and controlling biological responses on diamond coatings are important and necessary for their advancement in orthopedics. For this reason, the objective of the present study was to correlate surface properties of diamond coatings with osteoblast (OB) adhesion and proliferation. Diamond coatings on silicon of variable surface features (specifically, grain size, surface roughness and surface chemistry) were fabricated by microwave plasma enhanced chemical-vapor-deposition (MPCVD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied for topographical characterization and contact angles were measured to assess surface wettability. Results revealed that the grain size, surface roughness and wettability of diamond coatings can be controlled by adjusting H 2 plasma in the MPCVD process. Further, results showed enhanced OB adhesion on nanocrystalline diamond (ND) with grain sizes less than 100 nm whereas nanostructured diamond/amorphous carbon coatings (NDp) and microcrystalline diamond (MD) inhibited OB adhesion. H 2 plasma treated ND (NDH) also promoted OB adhesion. Similarly, OB proliferated to a greater extent on ND and NDH compared with MD and uncoated silicon controls. In summary, surface properties (including topography and chemistry) of diamond coatings can be controlled to either promote or inhibit OB functions, which implies that various forms of diamond coatings can be used to either support or inhibit bone growth in different regions of an orthopedic implant.

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“…In these respects, coatings of ferrous materials with diamond thin films by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 1) have been intensively investigated [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] to broaden considerably the scope of applications of diamond as well as ferrous materials. However, the diamond CVD on ferrous alloy substrates has been hardly achieved, owing to the catalytic effect of iron and the rapid diffusion coefficient of carbon in iron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Coating of Nanocrystalline Diamond on Steel

Tsugawa¹,

Kawaki²,

Ishihara³

et al. 2012

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Nanocrystalline diamond films have been successfully deposited on stainless steel substrates without any substrate pretreatments to promote diamond nucleation, including the formation of interlayers. A low-temperature growth technique, 400 C or lower, in microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition using a surface-wave plasma has cleared up problems in diamond growth on ferrous materials, such as the surface graphitization, long incubation time, substrate softening, and poor adhesion. The deposited nanocrystalline diamond films on stainless steel exhibit good adhesion and tribological properties, such as a high wear resistance, a low friction coefficient, and a low aggression strength, at room temperature in air without lubrication. #

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Direct deposition of diamond films on steel using a three-step process

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Diamond Deposition on Iron and Steel Substrates: A Review

Diamond Deposition on Iron and Steel Substrates: A Review

Orthopedic nano diamond coatings: Control of surface properties and their impact on osteoblast adhesion and proliferation

Direct Coating of Nanocrystalline Diamond on Steel

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