Direct detection of antibiotic resistance genes in specimens of chicken and pork meat

Garofalo, Cristiana; Vignaroli, Carla; Zandri, Giada; Aquilanti, Lucia; Bordoni, Donatella; Osimani, Andrea; Clementi, Francesca; Biavasco, Francesca

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.07.015

Cited by 95 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The isolate SRLFDA/TIL-1/15 was examined for the presence of the tetracycline resistance encoding genes viz., tet (K) tet (L), following the primers and protocols of the previous researchers (Aarestrup et al, 2000;Garofalo et al, 2007;Ullah et al, 2012).…”

Section: Pcr Detection Of Tetracycline Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, Molecular Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from Diseased Tilapia

Uma¹,

Stalin²,

Rebecca³

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Section: Pcr Detection Of Tetracycline Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, Molecular Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from Diseased Tilapia

Uma¹,

Stalin²,

Rebecca³

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…The current diagnosis of avian colibacillosis is based on clinical signs, macroscopic lesions and the isolation of E. coli from the lesions using traditional culture methods (Guabiraba and Schouler, 2015;Kabir, 2010). However, culture methods are labour intensive and time consuming in comparison to molecular methods (Baron, 2011;Garofalo et al, 2007;Lleo et al, 2005) and without further virulence characterisation, simple isolation of E. coli from diagnostic samples does not specifically identify APEC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have used molecular techniques to identify pathogens and/or genes directly from samples. These methods have proven to be reliable, cost-effective, user friendly, sensitive and specific as well as providing a distinct advantage in regards to time saving over conventional culture methods (Blessmann et al, 2002;Eyigor and Carli, 2003;Garofalo et al, 2007;McOrist et al, 2002).…”

Section: Chapter 1: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Culture methods however, are labour intensive and time consuming in comparison with molecular methods such as PCR, which can be used to detect the unique nucleic acids (either RNA or DNA) of pathogens (Ishmael and Stellato, 2008) directly from faecal samples (Blessmann et al, 2002;Garofalo et al, 2007). Pathogen specific PCR tests can be applied on extracted DNA from faecal samples to rule-in or-out targeted pathogens (Nechvatal et al, 2008).…”

Section: (B) (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For human stool samples, the extraction using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit (Qiagen) yielded statistically greater PCR sensitivity in comparison to the Chelex methods (Cordova et al, 2010) Overall, molecular methods to detect pathogens or VGs directly from faeces have proven to be reliable, cost-effective, user friendly and accurate in other animal species, therefore, providing a distinct advantage over conventional methods (Blessmann et al, 2002;Eyigor and Carli, 2003;Garofalo et al, 2007;Gioffre et al, 2004;McOrist et al, 2002). However, currently, there is a lack of information pertaining to the quality and quantity of extracted DNA from chicken faecal samples using different DNA extraction methods (Barnard et al, 2011).…”

Section: (B) (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Application of Plant Extracts and Products in Veterinary Infections

Eloff

McGaw

2008

New Strategies Combating Bacterial Infection

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Direct detection of antibiotic resistance genes in specimens of chicken and pork meat

Cited by 95 publications

References 68 publications

Isolation, Molecular Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from Diseased Tilapia

Isolation, Molecular Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from Diseased Tilapia

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Application of Plant Extracts and Products in Veterinary Infections

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