Direct-Dispense Polymeric Waveguides Platform for Optical Chemical Sensors

Hajj-Hassan, Mohamad; Gonzalez, Timothy; Ghafar-Zadeh, Ebrahim; Djeghelian, Hagop; Chodavarapu, Vamsy P.; Andrews, Mark A.; Therriault, Daniel

doi:10.3390/s8127636

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although high‐molecular‐weight polymers could be added as viscosifying agents, their presence may give rise to inhomogeneities within the printed waveguide that exacerbate optical loss 15. To overcome this difficulty, fugitive materials have been used as templates to create waveguides from photocurable liquids, but this approach has been limited to simple geometries 16. To create high‐quality waveguides from photocurable liquids, new advances are needed to enable direct filamentary patterning of these soft functional materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Photocurable Liquid Core–Fugitive Shell Printing of Optical Waveguides

et al. 2011

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confidence: 99%

Photocurable Liquid Core–Fugitive Shell Printing of Optical Waveguides

et al. 2011

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“…Derived optical biosensors are integrated into microfluidic platforms adapted to measurements in a liquid medium, which results in the fabrication of miniaturized and portable sensors. Table 1 illustrates several examples of such biosensors cited in the literature [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], and many other examples can be found in recent reviews [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting Up and Assessing a New Micro-Structured Waveguiding Fluorescent Architecture on Glass Entirely Elaborated by Sol–Gel Processing

et al. 2022

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Channel waveguides with diffraction gratings at their input and output for light injection and extraction, respectively, are extensively exploited for optical and photonic applications. In this paper, we report for the first time on such an architecture on glass entirely elaborated by sol–gel processing using a titanium-oxide-based photoresist that can be imprinted through a single photolithography step. This work is more particularly focused on a fluorescent architecture including channel waveguides doped with a ruthenium-complex fluorophore (tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II), Rudpp). The study demonstrates that this original sol–gel micro-structured architecture is well adapted to efficient channel waveguide/diffraction grating coupling and propagation of the fluorescence excitation and emission signals in the core of the channel waveguide. It demonstrates, in particular, a relatively large tolerance of several degrees in the angular injection fiber positioning and an important axial and vertical fiber spatial positioning tolerance of more than 100 µm at the Rudpp emission wavelength. The measurements also indicate that, in the conditions tested in this work, a Rudpp concentration of around 0.1 mM and a channel waveguide length of 2 to 5 mm offer the best trade-off in terms of excitation signal propagation and emission signal detection. This work constitutes a promising preliminary step toward the integration of our architecture into a microfluidic platform for fluorescence measurement in a liquid medium and waveguiding configuration.

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“…Xerogels offer a number of advantages, including low temperature processing, optical transparency, relative long time stability, and straightforward doping procedures to encapsulate guest sensing elements. Further, xerogel sensor materials can be deposited using pin-printing [6], dip-coating [14], spin-coating [15], photo-(ultra violet) patterning [16], and most recently, direct-dispensing [17] which adds to their versatility. The integrated sensor platform CMOS detection and processing allows one to develop smart (by inclusion of adaptive circuit architectures), low-power, and miniaturized (by monolithic integrating of photodetection and signal processing) sensor systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling intelligent readout of luminescent signals from nanoscale biochemical sensors

et al. 2009

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The development of intelligent miniaturized biochemical sensors has been an area of active research over the past several years. These microsensors and sensor microarrays are finding niche applications in point-of-care diagnostics, personal care, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Among these sensors, optical (luminescence) sensing holds a great promise towards implementing simple, specific, and highly sensitive biochemical sensors. It is generally understood that biochemical recognition elements that respond specifically to the target analytes play a critical role in the overall sensor operation. Aside from the recognition elements, signal detection and processing components are important to collect the information provided by recognition elements and output an easily understandable response. The signal processing component provides the best opportunity to incorporate intelligence to achieve low-power, adaptive, accurate, and reliable sensors. We deal with sensors that use sol-gel derived xerogels as recognition materials and Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits for signal detection and processing. Xerogels are nano/microporous glasses that can be used to encapsulate luminophores, enzymes, and nanoparticles in their pores. In this Article, we will describe some of the emerging integrated sensor platforms that are based on monitoring the excitedstate luminescence intensity and lifetimes of the luminophores housed in the xerogels. Specifically, we describe a CMOS imaging system for simultaneously monitoring xerogels sensor arrays. Next, we describe a non-linear phase luminometric system with enhanced and dynamically tunable sensitivity and improved signal-to-noise performance. Finally, we will describe time-based signal processing that could enable the direct measurement of excited state fluorescence lifetimes. This time-to-digital converter requires simple circuit implementation and can be used to measure lifetimes that are on the order of several hundred nanoseconds. The time based signal processing could ultimately allow the development of low-cost lifetime imaging system wherein one could take the lifetimes' image of an array of recognition elements rather than collecting an image of their fluorescence intensities.

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Direct-Dispense Polymeric Waveguides Platform for Optical Chemical Sensors

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Photocurable Liquid Core–Fugitive Shell Printing of Optical Waveguides

Photocurable Liquid Core–Fugitive Shell Printing of Optical Waveguides

Setting Up and Assessing a New Micro-Structured Waveguiding Fluorescent Architecture on Glass Entirely Elaborated by Sol–Gel Processing

Enabling intelligent readout of luminescent signals from nanoscale biochemical sensors

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