Direct drilling and soil loosening for spring cereals on a fine sandy loam in Atlantic Canada

Carter, M.R.; Johnston, H. W.; Kimpinski, J.

doi:10.1016/0167-1987(88)90046-3

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It was not significantly affected by tillage in either of the crops. These findings agree with the results reported by Carter et al (1988) for spring barley under a cool, humid climate. The P content was 1.54, 1.72, and 1.84 mg g-1 in barley and 1.85, 2.04, and 2.18 mg g-1 in canola under CT, RT, and ZT, respectively; however, differences due to tillage were not significant.…”

Section: Barley Canotasupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our results suggest benefits in using RT compared with the other two systems, even though tillage effects on crop yield were nonsignificant in most cases. Cooler soil early in the growing season and reduced rates of nutrient mineralization (Nyborg and Malhi, 1989), and slower release of N from organic matter (Carter et al, 1988) in combination with relatively higher weed populations (Table 5), may have reduced crop yields under ZT in comparison with RT. Probably, part of the N mineralized after fall tillage was lost during snow melting, and the somewhat lower soil moisture during growing sea- SE T = 8.5; T x Y = 14.6 T = 4.9; T x Y = 7.0 t CT, conventional tillage; RT, reduced tillage; ZT, zero tillage.…”

Section: Barley Canotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barley, Canola, and Weed Growth with Decreasing Tillage in a Cold, Semiarid Climate

1995

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Conventional tillage systems are reported to cause soil degradation, yet appropriate conservation tillage practices have not been developed for cold regions of the northern Canadian Prairies. Effects of conventional, reduced, and zero tillage systems (CT, RT, and ZT) on the growth of dryland spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), canola (Brassica campestris L.), and weeds were studied on a clay soil (Natriboralf) near Rycroft in northern Alberta. Each crop‐tillage combination was fixed in space from 1989 through 1991. Each season, the CT plots were tilled once in the preceding fall and twice in the spring prior to seeding; the RT plots were tilled once prior to seeding in the spring; the ZT plots received a preseeding glyphosate [N‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine] application in the spring. Crop residue in ZT was spread evenly by harrowing in the spring just prior to seeding. The 1991 available NO3‐N, NH4‐N, and P in soil or total plant N and P were unaffected by tillage, except that NO3‐N was lower under ZT canola. No consistent effect of tillage was detected on total soil moisture, except for lower moisture in the 0‐ to 10‐cm depth under CT in dry periods. As the study progressed, there was a trend of increased weed population response to tillage, relatively greater weed density under ZT, and a shift in species composition. Mean barley total dry matter (TDM) yield was 3.37, 3.09, and 2.93 Mg ha−1 and grain yield was 1.59, 1.41, and 1.35 35 Mg ha−1 under RT, ZT, and CT, respectively. Mean canola TDM yield was 2.92, 2.36, and 2.12 Mg ha−1 and grain yield was 0.84, 0.66, and 0.59 Mg ha−1, under RT, CT, and ZT, respectively. In most cases, however, tillage effects on mean crop yields were nonsignificant (P < 0.05). Overall, RT was considered to be agronomically and environmentally desirable, due to somewhat better crop yield than either CT or ZT systems and two fewer cultivations than CT.

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Section: Barley Canotasupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Barley Canotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley, Canola, and Weed Growth with Decreasing Tillage in a Cold, Semiarid Climate

1995

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“…Thus, crop rotations with cereals followed by cereals are problematic. We also did not find an effect of tillage system on grain N content, similar to the findings of Ditsch and Grove [86] and contrary to those of Carter et al [87]. The lack of effect occurred at both studied N supply levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Nitrogen Rate Increase Not Required for No-Till Wheat in Cool and Humid Conditions

Herrera

Noulas²,

Stamp

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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An increased nitrogen (N) supply was proposed to avoid grain yield (GY) reductions and successfully implement conservation agriculture (CA). We investigated interactions effects of tillage system and N supply on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at two sites in the Swiss midlands with no (0 kg N ha−1) and high (150–160 kg N ha−1) N supply using 15N-labelled ammonium nitrate in selected treatments. Wheat’s GY, yield components, N related traits and soil mineral N content (Nmin) under conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), and no-tillage (NT) were studied following two preceding crops: oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). Wheat after oilseed rape had significantly higher GY and biomass than after maize while a yield decrease under NT compared with CT and MT was observed regardless of N supply level. Differences in soil Nmin among tillage systems were seldom found and were inconsistent. No differences in 15N fertilizer recovery were found between NT and CT while residual Nmin after harvest was lower under NT than CT or MT. In conclusion, we did not found consistent reductions in soil N availability and N uptake under NT that would justify an increased N supply for wheat under CA.

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“…9). This more pronounced aggregation increase does, however, not seem to lead to an [3,26,[30][31][32]35,38,59,65,77,79,109,111,113,114,139,164,172,173,177,194,Paustian and Elliott,unpublished,214,219,220,241] for (sub)tropical soils and from [2,11,22,42,50,[54][55][56]58,67,72,78,84,85,89,93,95,96,104,105,133,134,136,146,…”

Section: Mechanisms Of C Sequestration Under No-tillagementioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic matter, biota and aggregation in temperate and tropical soils - Effects of no-tillage

Feller²,

et al. 2002

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-The long-term stabilization of soil organic matter (SOM) in tropical and temperate regions is mediated by soil biota (e.g. fungi, bacteria, roots and earthworms), soil structure (e.g. aggregation) and their interactions. On average, soil C turnover was twice as fast in tropical compared with temperate regions, but no major differences were observed in SOM quality between the two regions. Probably due to the soil mineralogy dominated by 1:1 clay minerals and oxides in tropical regions, we found a higher aggregate stability, but a lower correlation between C contents and aggregate stability in tropical soils. In addition, a smaller amount of C associated with clay and silt particles was observed in tropical versus temperate soils. In both tropical and temperate soils, a general increase in C levels (≈ 325 ± 113 kg C·ha -1 ·yr -1 ) was observed under no-tillage compared with conventional tillage. On average, in temperate soils under no-tillage, compared with conventional tillage, CH 4 uptake (≈ 0.42 ± 0.10 kg C-CH 4 ·ha -1 ·yr -1 ) increased and N 2 O emissions increased (≈ 1.95 ± 0.45 kg N-N 2 O·ha -1 ·yr -1 ). These increased N 2 O emissions lead to a negative global warming potential when expressed on a CO 2 equivalent basis. La stabilisation à long terme de la matière organique du sol (MOS) dans les régions tempérées et intertropicales est sous la dépendance de l'activité biologique (champignons, bactéries, macrofaune et racines), de la structure du sol (agrégation) et de leurs interactions. En moyenne, si le turnover du carbone du sol (C) est environ deux fois plus rapide en régions intertropicales qu'en régions tempérées, peu de différences apparaissent toutefois quant à la qualité de la MOS sous ces climats différents. La stabilité de l'agrégation est plus élevée pour les sols des régions intertropicales, ceci étant probablement dû à leur minéralogie dominée par des argiles de type 1:1 associés à des oxihydroxides métalliques. Toutefois, pour les sols tropicaux, la corrélation entre teneur en C et stabilité de l'agrégation est plus faible et de moindres quantités de C sont associées avec les éléments fins (argile+limon). Aussi bien sous climats tempéré que tropical et subtropical, une augmentation générale des stocks de C du sol (≈ 325 ± 113 kg C·ha -1 ·an -1 ) est observée avec les pratiques de non labour. Pour les sols des régions tempérées, si une fixation de CH 4 (≈ 0.42 ± 0.10 kg C-CH 4 ·ha -1 ·an -1 ) est mesurée sous non-labour, parallèlement une émission de N 2 O est observée (≈ 1.95 ± 0.45 kg N-N 2 O·ha -1 ·an -1 ), conduisant finalement à un bilan négatif en terme de réchauffement global exprimé en équivalents de flux de C-CO 2 .carbone du sol / agrégation / émissions N 2 O / non-labour / régions tempérées et intertropicales INTRODUCTIONThe conservation of sufficient soil organic matter (SOM) levels is crucial for the biological, chemical and physical soil functioning in both temperate and tropical ecosystems. Appropriate levels of SOM ensure soil fertility and minimize agricultural impac...

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Direct drilling and soil loosening for spring cereals on a fine sandy loam in Atlantic Canada

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Barley, Canola, and Weed Growth with Decreasing Tillage in a Cold, Semiarid Climate

Barley, Canola, and Weed Growth with Decreasing Tillage in a Cold, Semiarid Climate

Nitrogen Rate Increase Not Required for No-Till Wheat in Cool and Humid Conditions

Soil organic matter, biota and aggregation in temperate and tropical soils - Effects of no-tillage

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