Direct Electrochemistry of Multi-Copper Oxidases at Carbon Nanotubes Noncovalently Functionalized with Cellulose Derivatives

Zheng, Wei; Li, Qingfen; Su, Lei; Yan, Yi‐Ming; Zhang, Jun; Mao, Lanqun

doi:10.1002/elan.200503444

Cited by 122 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…This electrode (GDH/polyMB-SWNT) was used as the bioanode of the glucose/O 2 BFC. The biocathode of the BFC was prepared by directly coating 2 lL of the purified laccase [29] (E.C. Cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and cell polarization were performed using a computer-controlled electrochemical analyzer (CHI 660A, Austin, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a property essentially makes CNTs well suited as a support for the redox mediators [25][26][27] generally employed for shuttling the electron transfer of biocatalysts, for example enzymes and proteins, or for the conversion and oxidation of the NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide with hydrogen) cofactor when dehydrogenases are used as the anode biocatalysts. Moreover, as demonstrated recently, [28][29][30] the use of CNTs could largely facilitate the direct electron transfer of the enzymes and proteins. On the other hand, CNTs have a good conductivity (depending on the sort of CNTs used) and a high surface area to weight ratio (ca.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Carbon‐Nanotube‐Based Glucose/O₂ Biofuel Cells

et al. 2006

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Biofuel cells (BFCs) utilize biocatalysts such as enzymes and microorganisms for the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. [1][2][3][4] These BFCs represent a new kind of energy-conversion technology that is distinct from conventional fuel cells, such as H 2 /O 2 and methanol/O 2 fuel cells, mainly in that they can operate under moderate conditions, such as in mild media and at ambient temperatures. Moreover, compared with the noble-metal catalysts used in conventional fuel cells, the biocatalysts used in the BFCs are more efficient and selective toward the biomass. More remarkably, the biomass consumed by the BFCs, such as glucose and oxygen, is generally endogenous to biological systems. As such, BFCs are envisaged to be able to power the bioelectronics in vivo, finding uses in systems such as implantable biosensors or pacemakers in the human body. [5][6][7][8] These striking properties and the potential applications of BFCs have evoked intensive interest in the basic study and development of BFCs in recent years. [9][10][11][12][13][14] It is known that carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a new kind of carbon-based nanomaterial, possess unique structural and electronic properties, and are finding striking applications in various research and industrial fields, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] including electrochemistry. [22][23][24] In addition to their excellent electrochemical properties, CNTs have several characteristics that make them very suitable for the development of enzymatic BFCs. For example, CNTs bear graphene sidewalls that are chemically inert and highly hydrophobic, with a dense p-p stacking. Such a property essentially makes CNTs well suited as a support for the redox mediators [25][26][27] generally employed for shuttling the electron transfer of biocatalysts, for example enzymes and proteins, or for the conversion and oxidation of the NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide with hydrogen) cofactor when dehydrogenases are used as the anode biocatalysts. Moreover, as demonstrated recently, [28][29][30] the use of CNTs could largely facilitate the direct electron transfer of the enzymes and proteins. On the other hand, CNTs have a good conductivity (depending on the sort of CNTs used) and a high surface area to weight ratio (ca. 300 m 2 g -1 ) [31] as well as the ability to form a 3D matrix that can be used for both enzyme immobilization and electrode reactions.In this Communication we demonstrate the first singlewalled carbon nanotube (SWNT)-based glucose/O 2 biofuel cell with glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) as the anode biocatalyst for the oxidation of glucose, with NAD + as the cofactor and laccase (from Trametes versicolor) as the cathode biocatalyst for O 2 reduction (Scheme 1). On the SWNT anode, methylene blue (MB) was adsorbed through the interactions between MB and SWNTs, as described in our earlier work.[25]Although the formed MB-SWNT adsorptive adduct exhibits excellent electrochemical properties and a good stability, its activity for redox-mediating the oxidation of NADH was found to be...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon‐Nanotube‐Based Glucose/O₂ Biofuel Cells

et al. 2006

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“…More remarkably, CNTs could well facilitate the direct electron transfer of blue multi-copper oxidases, such as laccase and bilirubin oxidase (BOD), enabling the abrogation of the uses of redox mediators for the enzymes. Such a property, on the one hand, simplified the fabrication of the BFCs and, on the other hand, reduced the potential loss [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Miniature Glucose/O₂ Biofuel Cell With a High Tolerance Against Ascorbic Acid

Zhang

et al. 2009

Fuel Cells

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This study demonstrates a miniature glucose/O2 biofuel cell (BFC) with a high tolerance against physiological level of ascorbic acid (AA) by immobilising ascorbate oxidase (AAox) on both the bioanode and the biocathode. Single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)‐modified carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) are employed as the substrate electrode for the bioanode and biocathode. Glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) and bilirubin oxidase (BOD) are used as the biocatalysts for the electro‐oxidation of glucose and for the electro‐reduction of oxygen, respectively. SWNTs are used as the support for the both, stably confining the electrocatalyst (i.e. polymerised methylene blue, polyMB) for the oxidation of NADH co‐factor for GDH and efficiently facilitating direct electrochemistry of the cathodic biocatalyst (i.e. BOD) for O2 reduction. The prepared micro‐sized GDH‐based bioanode and BOD‐based biocathode employed for the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of glucose and reduction of oxygen, respectively, are further over‐coated with AAox to give a miniature glucose/O2 BFC with a high tolerance against AA. The maximum power density and the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the assembled glucose/O2 BFC are 52 μW cm–2 and 0.60 V, respectively. These values remain unchanged with the presence of AA in solution. In the human serum containing 10 mM NAD+ and under ambient air, the maximum power density and the OCV of the assembled glucose/O2 BFC with AAox immobilisation on both the bioanode and the biocathode are 35 μW cm–2 and 0.39 V, respectively. These values are remarkably larger than those of the glucose/O2 BFC without AAox immobilisation on both the bioanode and the biocathode. This study could offer a new route to the development of enzymatic BFCs with promising application in real biological systems.

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“…This three-dimensional composite material (3D-CNT/CMF) was recently fabricated [8] and utilized in bioelectrocatalysis of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for H 2 O 2 reduction at +600 mV vs. Ag|AgCl [9]. The main advantages for using the 3D-CNT/CMF composite electrode as immobilization surface for laccase consists on: i) avoiding the use of a redox hydrogel film as matrix for the electronic communication between enzyme and electrode, thus eliminating additional limitations such as the electron hopping step [10] and a further drop in the cell potential [11][12][13]; and ii) reduction of the large number of interfacial cascades in-between the individual CNT produced when they are simply dropped onto a supporting electrode in presence or not of a mediator/crosslinking polymeric net [14][15][16], which requires extensive optimization protocols and characterization methods, such as SECM [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%