Direct evidence from lipid residue analysis for the routine consumption of millet in Early Medieval Italy

Ganzarolli, Giovanna; Alexander, Michelle; Arnau, Alexandra Chavarría; Craig, Oliver E.

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2018.06.007

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…and Setaria sp.) from the Late Neolithic period has been discussed; however, their cultivation is certain during the Bronze and Iron Ages 52 , 54 , 55 . Recently, Accelerator Mass Spectrometry-datings of prehistoric charred broomcorn millet grains has pinpointed the earliest occurrence of Panicum miliaceum L. in Europe at the middle of the 2nd millennium BCE (Middle/Late Bronze Age) 56 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental implications and evidence of natural products from dental calculi of a Neolithic–Chalcolithic community (central Italy)

D’Agostino

Marco

Rubini

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In this contribution, we investigated the role of plants in the prehistoric community of Casale del Dolce (Anagni, FR, central Italy), through microparticles recovered from dental calculus. The finding of a great amount of pollen types, even in form of compact lumps, could indicate use of natural substances, such as honeybee products and/or conifer resins. This plant-microremain record also suggested environmental implications relative to the Neolithic and Chalcolithic period. Additionally, the stability of the tartar microenvironment had preserved starches and other microparticles, such as one epidermal trichome, a sporangium, and fragments of plant tissue, rarely detected in ancient dental calculus. The detection of secondary metabolites in the ancient matrix confirmed the familiarity of this community with plant resources. All these data supply various interesting food for thought and expand the knowledge about the potential of dental calculus in archaeological and archaeobotanical fields with a special focus on palaeoecology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental implications and evidence of natural products from dental calculi of a Neolithic–Chalcolithic community (central Italy)

D’Agostino

Marco

Rubini

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…succulents and cacti) plants due to differences in their photosynthetic pathways causing isotopic fractionation (Farquhar et al 1989;Hoefs 2018: 63-65;O'Leary 1988). In early medieval England (where we do not expect to see any C 4 or CAM plant consumption (Alt et al 2014;Ganzarolli et al 2018;Hagen 2006: 23, 33, 38-39;Hakenbeck et al 2017)), they Fig. 2 Site plan of the early medieval cemetery at Finglesham, Kent, with burials sampled for stable isotope analyses filled with stripes, and unsampled graves in solid grey, redrawn by S. Leggett from Chadwick Hawkes and Grainger (2006) are also useful in differentiating between marine versus terrestrial food resources (O'Leary 1988).…”

Section: Collagen (Bone and Dentine)-carbon And Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and cultural integration in the early medieval cemetery of Finglesham, Kent, through stable isotopes

Leggett

2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Debate over migrations to Britain during the fifth and sixth centuries AD is still rampant in archaeological discourse. Stable carbon, nitrogen and oxygen isotope values from multiple tissues in individuals buried at Finglesham in Kent during the first millennium AD demonstrate not only migration of individuals to the region but also highlight community integration through foodways and refute previous models of ‘invasion’ and replacement. This case study community suggests gendered differences in mobility into early medieval England, with males more likely to be migrants from cooler regions than women. It also challenges traditional narratives of social status in these furnished cemeteries being linked to diet or migrant status with no clear correlations found between funerary treatment and isotopic signatures. This multi-tissue and multi-isotope study tracks dietary changes in this multi-origin community throughout their lives and shows that they may have even changed their diets to adapt to Christianising influences in the region.

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“…In the case of SV, the cultivation of millet, although possible only during spring–summer, resulted in a strong C 4 signal in this population (Laffranchi, 2016; Laffranchi et al, 2016). The cultivation of millet in the Po plain is documented since the Bronze Age (Tafuri et al, 2009; Tafuri et al, 2018; Varalli et al, 2016) and continued to be practiced during Late Antiquity and early Middle Ages (Ganzarolli et al, 2018; Laffranchi, Mazzucchi, et al, 2020; Marinato, 2016, 2017, 2019; Maxwell, 2019). In contrast, the low minimum temperatures characterizing mountain areas make the latter incompatible with the cultivation of C 4 plants (Teeri & Stowe, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Celts” up and down the Alps. Insights on mobility patterns in thepre‐Roman/Celtic population from Verona (NEItaly, 3rd–1st c.BCE): A multi‐isotopic approach

Laffranchi

Torres

Lösch

et al. 2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Objectives: The Late Iron Age in continental Europe featured complex demographic processes including, among others, the establishment of transalpine "Celtic" communities on the Italian peninsula between the 4th and 1st centuries BCE. To date, only few data are available about mobility and migration in these populations. Here we explore these topics among the Cenomani of Seminario Vescovile (SV-Verona, Italy, 3rd-1st c. BCE) through a multi-isotopic approach and test the possible associations with sex, age and funerary treatment. Materials and methods:We analyzed isotopic ratios of oxygen (δ 18 O) and carbon (δ 13 C) from bone phosphate and collagen, respectively, of 49 individuals (23 males, 17 females, and 9 nonadults). In addition, we explored possible intraindividual lifetime changes by comparing collagen δ 13 C from bone and dentine of 26 individuals. We assessed nonlocality based on individual deviation of isotopic values from the population mean plus three times the median absolute deviation from the median (±3MAD).We then checked for isotopic differences between sexes and type of funerary treatment using Mann-Whitney tests. Results: One individual shows isotopic values consistent with a nonlocal origin. Five more individuals may have originated from a different locality. No statistical differences separate sexes and types of funerary treatment. Discussion: Results suggest a local origin of most of the individuals of SV with the few exceptions pointing especially to an Alpine origin. The low frequency of nonlocals at SV suggest a reduced mobility in this population, or the preeminence of short distance movements undetected by our analyses.

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Direct evidence from lipid residue analysis for the routine consumption of millet in Early Medieval Italy

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Environmental implications and evidence of natural products from dental calculi of a Neolithic–Chalcolithic community (central Italy)

Environmental implications and evidence of natural products from dental calculi of a Neolithic–Chalcolithic community (central Italy)

Migration and cultural integration in the early medieval cemetery of Finglesham, Kent, through stable isotopes

“Celts” up and down the Alps. Insights on mobility patterns in thepre‐Roman/Celtic population from Verona (NEItaly, 3rd–1st c.BCE): A multi‐isotopic approach

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