Direct Fabrication for Polymer Optical Waveguide in PMT Ferrule Using the Mosquito Method

Ishigure, Takaaki; Masuda, H.; Date, K.; Marushima, Chinami; Enomoto, Tadayuki

doi:10.1109/ectc.2018.00169

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We use an MT ferrule based substrate to investigate the possibility of directly forming the waveguide in an MT ferrule, which would connect with an SMF array terminated with other MT connectors. We already succeeded in fabricating a multimode polymer waveguide in a polymer waveguide MT (PMT) connector using the Mosquito method [14] and tried to connect the waveguide with multimode fiber ribbons with an MT connector. Because of the multimode waveguide's large core diameter, the required core position accuracy is moderate.…”

Section: The Mosquito Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Channel Single-Mode Polymer Waveguide Fabricated Using the Mosquito Method

Yakabe

Matsui

Kobayashi

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We experimentally demonstrate that the Mosquito method is capable of fabricating polymer optical waveguides with single-mode cores. The Mosquito method we developed is a technique to form planar polymer waveguides using a commercially available microdispenser. In this paper, the flow of the core monomer dispensed from the tip of the needle is simulated using fluid analysis software. The results show that the shape of the needle periphery significantly affects the fabrication of perfectly circular cross-sectional cores. In addition, we demonstrate that the Mosquito method is capable of reducing the MFD variation to 0.4 µm. We find such a small MFD fluctuation is comparable to that of typical single-mode optical fibers.

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Section: The Mosquito Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Channel Single-Mode Polymer Waveguide Fabricated Using the Mosquito Method

Yakabe

Matsui

Kobayashi

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…Single-mode optical waveguides have been demonstrated by extruding a high-index core material into a low-index cladding material in dip-in write configuration, so-called mosquito method. 14,15 Additionally, refractive micro-optics with dimensions around 10 µm have been realized by using a µ-dispenser DIW. 16 However, the additive manufacturing of bulk objects in 2D or even 3D has not been shown so far, despite the fact that the combination with multi-material printing would enable sophisticated optical components with complex functionalities like freeform gradient refractive index (freeform-GRIN) optics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-material additive manufacturing based on µ-dispenser technology for tailored polymer micro-optics

Kranert

Finkenbrink

Hinkelmann

et al. 2023

Advanced Fabrication Technologies for Micro/Nano Optics and Photonics XVI

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Integrated optics are an innovation driver for a multitude of industrial applications like autonomous driving or point-of-care diagnostics. With the increasing demand for miniaturized, low-cost optical systems, new methods for fabricating tailored graded index micro-optics are required. Additive manufacturing is a promising technology for this not only due to its high design freedom, but also because of the potential for function integration via multi-material printing or the integration into digitized process chains. In fact, additive manufacturing of optical elements has not matured yet due to the requirement to fabricate 3D objects with optical quality. In this contribution, µ-dispenser direct ink writing based on transparent photopolymers is presented that enables the production of multi-material micro-optical elements. It will be shown that the achievable printing resolution for 0D-and 1D-structures is mainly depending on the needle diameter. Mono-material spherical and cylindrical lenses with a geometric dimension in the range of a few micrometers have been successfully fabricated and characterized. The geometric shape fidelity of printed 2D-layers, which suffers from surface tension effects due to the material's molecular cohesive forces, is optimized by proper printing strategies. In an outlook, the route towards the production of micro-optic, function-integrated 3D GRIN elements is given, by using a mixer module to realize combined and gradable extrusion of two photopolymers.

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“…Simultaneous formation of multiple 3D waveguides is considered for this reason. The mosquito method, 10) of which the core material source is injected (hereafter this process is called waveguide drawing) into the cladding material, then the core and the cladding material sources are liquid and will be cured using UV light, is known as one of the ways to fabricate 3D waveguides; however; there is an issue when realizing multiple 3D waveguide formation simultaneously. The issue is caused when axis misalignment happens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid automatic waveguide recognition using YOLO and OpenCV for 3D waveguide fabrication

Matsubara

Zennouji

Jiang

et al. 2022

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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3D waveguide is attractive because it has a potential that the waveguides are arranged, not only in plane, into three-dimension. Mosquito method, of which the core and cladding material sources are liquid and will be cured using UV-light, is known as one of the ways to fabricate the 3D waveguide. In this method, if multiple waveguides are fabricated, time until UV-cure is different between first waveguide and last one and it leads to core position shift because of gravity. To solve the problem, we considered to reduce the time from the first waveguide formation to the UV-cure using automatic waveguide fabrication with a camera. For the automatic waveguide fabrication, YOLO (you look only once) and OpenCV is exploited as machine-learning and image-processor, respectively. As a result, waveguide recognition time of 10 ms and image processing time of 50 ms, totally 60 ms, are realized.

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Direct Fabrication for Polymer Optical Waveguide in PMT Ferrule Using the Mosquito Method

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Multi-Channel Single-Mode Polymer Waveguide Fabricated Using the Mosquito Method

Multi-Channel Single-Mode Polymer Waveguide Fabricated Using the Mosquito Method

Multi-material additive manufacturing based on µ-dispenser technology for tailored polymer micro-optics

Rapid automatic waveguide recognition using YOLO and OpenCV for 3D waveguide fabrication

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