Direct Measurement of Food Intake in Man: A Method for the Objective Study of Eating Behavior

Abstract

A method for the direct measurement of food intake in man is described. This method provides a means for independently studying many of the variables which are thought to operate in the control of food intake. A liquid diet from a hidden reservoir was ingested through a straw during a 20-min. breakfast or lunch meal. Subjects were tested at the same time each day for several weeks. Stable ingestion patterns emerged after four or five trials. The ingestion of a constant amount of liquid diet at various intervals before the test meal depressed intake as a function of the time interval. Subjective hunger ratings correlated well with rate and amount ingested and were reduced appropriately by ingestion prior to the test meal. R, .ECENT clinical studies of eating behavior in man have revealed a variety of disordered patterns, such as the nighteating and binge-eating syndromes of the obese, 15 and the often bizarre eating patterns in anorexia nervosa. 2 In addition, new experimental techniques used in the study of man have demonstrated

A method for the control of eating rate: A potential intervention in eating disorders

“…The patient places a plate on the scale and puts food on the plate, and the computer records the weight loss of the plate during the meal. This yields a curve of cumulative food intake (Jordan, Wieland, Zebley, Stellar, & Stunkard, 1966;Kissileff, Thornton, & Becker, 1982;Pudel, 1971;Westerterp-Plantenga, 2000;Zandian, Ioakimidis, Bergh, Brodin, & Södersten, 2009). During treatment, patients are provided with feedback on the computer screen on how much and at what rate to eat ).…”

“…On the basis of this hypothesis, we use eating behavior as an intervention in treating patients who have these problems (Bergh et al, 2002). The present method, Mandometer, was developed to test the hypothesis and to be used for the intervention; it extends the original methods of Jordan et al (1966), Pudel (1971), and Kissileff, Klingsberg, and Van Itallie (1980) …”

The Anorectic Effect of Dexamphetamine Sulphate

“…1. Similar scales have previously been used successfully in other studies involving the assessment of hunger (Spence & Ehrenberg, 1964;Jordan et al, 1966), and the validity and reliability of this type of measure has been fully discussed by Stevens (1966). Subjects were instructed to mark the scale at the beginning of each experimental session, and at 15 min intervals thereafter, at a point which they considered appropriate to their subjective feelings of hunger at that particular time.…”

Preferências por alimentos doces e cárie dentária em pré-escolares

“…É possível que a demanda individual por açúcar seja limitada, mas que o ponto final esteja sujeito a grande variação individual 4 . Estudos que avaliaram os padrões de ingestão produziram resultados comparáveis com uma demanda "pico" por sacarose de concentração de 0,3 M (molar), com posterior declínio 7 .…”