Direct microdetermination of sucrose

Handel, Emile Van

doi:10.1016/0003-2697(68)90317-5

Cited by 587 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

217

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Sugars were quantified using Anthrone (Van Handel, 1968), and absorbance was measured using a microplate reader (Synergy MxMonochromator-Based Multi-Mode Microplate Reader; BIOTek) at 620 nm.…”

Section: Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Cytokinin Synthesis Increases Drought Tolerance through the Coordinated Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation in Rice

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of water deficit on carbon and nitrogen metabolism were investigated in flag leaves of wild-type and transgenic rice (Oryza sativa japonica 'Kitaake') plants expressing ISOPENTENYLTRANSFERASE (IPT; encoding the enzyme that mediates the rate-limiting step in cytokinin synthesis) under the control of P SARK , a maturation-and stress-induced promoter. While the wildtype plants displayed inhibition of photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation during water stress, neither carbon nor nitrogen assimilation was affected by stress in the transgenic P SARK ::IPT plants. In the transgenic plants, photosynthesis was maintained at control levels during stress and the flag leaf showed increased sucrose (Suc) phosphate synthase activity and reduced Suc synthase and invertase activities, leading to increased Suc contents. The sustained carbon assimilation in the transgenic P SARK ::IPT plants was well correlated with enhanced nitrate content, higher nitrate reductase activity, and sustained ammonium contents, indicating that the stress-induced cytokinin synthesis in the transgenic plants played a role in maintaining nitrate acquisition. Protein contents decreased and free amino acids increased in wild-type plants during stress, while protein content was preserved in the transgenic plants. Our results indicate that the stress-induced cytokinin synthesis in the transgenic plants promoted sink strengthening through a cytokinin-dependent coordinated regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism that facilitates an enhanced tolerance of the transgenic plants to water deficit.

show abstract

Section: Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Cytokinin Synthesis Increases Drought Tolerance through the Coordinated Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation in Rice

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Starch and water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP) were extracted by centrifugation (30 min, 600 × g) from the residues after MCW extraction, with 10 % trichloroacetic acid for WSP followed by 30 % perchloric acid for starch as described by McCready et al, (1950). Determinations of total soluble sugars (TSS) and WSP (Graham and Smydzuk, 1965), sucrose (Handel, 1968) and starch (McCready et al, 1950) were carried out on the appropriate tissue extracts.…”

Section: Carbohydrate Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waterlogging-induced changes in fermentative metabolism in roots and nodules of soybean genotypes

Borella

Amarante

Oliveira

et al. 2014

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Waterlogging blocks the oxygen supply to the root system which inhibits respiration, and greatly reduces the energy status of cells that affect important metabolic processes. This study evaluated fermentative metabolism and carbohydrate contents in the root system of two soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) genotypes under hypoxic and post-hypoxic conditions. Nodulated plants (genotypes Fundacep 53 RR and BRS Macota) were grown in vermiculite and transferred to a hydroponic system at the reproductive stage. The root system was submitted to hypoxia by flowing N 2 (nitrogen) gas in a solution for 24 and 72 h. For recovery, plants returned to normoxia condition by transfer to vermiculite for 24 and 72 h. Fermentative enzyme activity, levels of anaerobic metabolites and carbohydrate content were all quantified in roots and nodules. The activity of alcohol dehydrogenase, pyruvate decarboxylase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes, as well as the content of ethanol and lactate, increased with hypoxia in roots and nodules, and subsequently returned to pre-hypoxic levels in the recovery phase in both genotypes. Pyruvate content increased in nodules and decreased in roots. Sugar and sucrose levels increased in roots and decreased in nodules under hypoxia in both genotypes. Fundacep RR 53 was more responsive to the metabolic effects caused by hypoxia and post-hypoxia than BRS Macota, and it is likely that these characteristics contribute positively to improving adaptation to oxygen deficiency.Keywords: Glycine max, oxygen deficiency, enzyme activities, anaerobic metabolites, sugars IntroductionSoil waterlogging is a common abiotic stress worldwide in cultivated areas and influences the composition and productivity of soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) and most crops species (Jackson and Colmer, 2005;Githiri et al., 2006;Sairam et al., 2009;Kokubun, 2013). In waterlogged soils, gas exchanges between root systems and soil porous spaces are limited due to oxygen diffusion resistance that is around 10,000 times higher in water than in the air (Armstrong et al., 1994;Dongen et al., 2003;Zabalza et al., 2009;Bailey-Serres et al., 2012).Decrease in the oxygen level is the main factor that causes stress, leading to a chain signaling that unleashes a series of metabolic changes (Horchani et al., 2009), such as N metabolism and interconversion of amino acids (Puiatti and Sodek, 1999;Oliveira et al., 2013), changes in carbohydrates levels and energetic metabolism (Sousa and Sodek, 2002a), in an effort to secure plant survival and growth when exposed to hypoxic stress (Geigenberger, 2003). Anaerobic metabolism is activated under low oxygen concentration and as a consequence, there is a significant decrease in energy production that is derived mainly from glycolysis in contrast to oxidative phosphorylation (Kumutha et al., 2008;Horchani et al., 2009;Sairam et al., 2009;Zabalza et al., 2009). Plant survival under these conditions depends almost exclusively on anaerobic metabolism (Sousa and Sodek, 2002a).Due to the lack of O 2 as the fi...

show abstract

“…Hexoses were destroyed by placing the tubes in boiling water for 10 min. The tubes were cooled, 1 mL of anthrone reagent (76 mL H2S04, 30 mL H20, and 150 mg anthrone) was added, the mixture was incubated at 37°C for 20 min, and the A620 was measured (17). Protein was determined by a modified method as described by Peterson (7).…”

Section: Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochrome Mediated Regulation of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Activity in Maize

Vassey

1988

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The extractable activity of sucrose phosphate synthase was determined in etiolated seedlings of maize (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) following treatments of changing light quality. A 30-minute illumination of 30 microeinsteins per square meter per second white light produced a three-fold increase in sucrose phosphate synthase activity at 2 hours postillumination when compared to seedlings maintained in total darkness. Etiolated maize seedlings treated with 3.6 microeinsteins per square meter per second of red and far-red light showed a 50% increase and a 50% decrease in sucrose phosphate synthase activity, respectively, when compared to etiolated maize seedlings treated with white light. Maize seedlings exposed for 30 minutes to red followed by 30 minutes to far-red showed an initial increase in sucrose phosphate synthase activity followed by a rapid decrease to control level. Neither soybean or sugar beet sucrose phosphate synthase responded to the 30-minute illumination of white light. Phytochrome is involved in sucrose phosphate synthase regulation in maize, whereas it is not responsible for changes in sucrose phosphate synthase activity in soybean or sugar beet.Sucrose-P synthase appears to be a major control point in sucrose formation during photoassimilation of CO2 (10). Sucrose synthesis is apparently the only physiological function ofsucrose-P synthase, with the equilibrium constant for sucrose synthesis about 2 (1). This makes sucrose-P synthase a focal point for studying regulation of sucrose metabolism and partitioning.Vidal and Gadal (18) and Vidal et al. (19) found that two isoforms of PEPC' were present in etiolated leaves of sorghum. One form, found in the eitolated leaves, was designated E-PEPC. The other form found in greening leaves was designated G-PERPC and occurred only after etiolated leaves were exposed to light. Later, Thomas et al. (16) showed that the activity of G-PEPC was sensitive to red and far-red treatments. A 10-min exposure to red stimulated G-PEPC, whereas far-red (either alone or following a red treatment) caused a substantial inhibition of the G-PEPC isoform. They concluded from these experiments that phytochrome was the photoreceptor triggering changes in enzyme activity.The present study was designed to examine the role of light ' Abbreviations: PEPC, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; UDPG, uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose; PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density. quality on the extractable activity of sucrose-P synthase in maize, soybean, and sugar beets. This was done using 10-day-old seedlings of each species grown in total darkness and illuminating them with white light, red, far-red, or red followed by far red. MATERIALS AND METHODSPlant Materials. Maize (Zea mays L., cv FS854), soybean (Glycine max. [L.] Merr., cv Pioneer 1082), and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L., cv Great Western multigerm hybrid) seeds were germinated in darkness then planted in 7 cm x 7 cm plastic pots containing ver...

show abstract

Direct microdetermination of sucrose

Cited by 587 publications

References 4 publications

Stress-Induced Cytokinin Synthesis Increases Drought Tolerance through the Coordinated Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation in Rice

Stress-Induced Cytokinin Synthesis Increases Drought Tolerance through the Coordinated Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation in Rice

Waterlogging-induced changes in fermentative metabolism in roots and nodules of soybean genotypes

Phytochrome Mediated Regulation of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Activity in Maize

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About