Currently, about 80% of the world's energy is generated through the combustion of various fuel types. As this trend is anticipated to persist for the next several decades, combustion technology is poised to retain its pivotal role in energy production. Industries such as power generation, automobile manufacturing, and aerospace engineering invariably rely on combustion engineering applications, all of which frequently involve turbulent flows. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between turbulence and combustion, along with the underlying structure and dynamics of flames, becomes imperative for facilitating optimal design and advancement of these applications. This article undertakes a review of the noteworthy contributions made in recent decades, along with the diverse applications of turbulent combustion across various industries. It provides an overview of computational simulation approaches and experimental methodologies employed in this field. Furthermore, it delves into the current state of knowledge, assessing the capabilities and limitations of present techniques. The article also outlines several ongoing challenges in modeling, indicating pathways for future research endeavors.