Direct Orthogonal Signal Correction-Partial Least Squares for Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim in Pharmaceutical Formulation and Synthetic Samples

Abstract

This work describes a very simple, novel and selective spectrophotmetric method for simultaneous determination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in pharmaceutical preparation and synthetics samples using direct orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (DOSC-PLS). The all factors affecting on the sensitivity were optimized and the linear dynamic range for determining of these drugs was found. The PLS modeling was used for the multivariate calibration of the spectrophotometric data and DOSC was used for preprocessing of data matrices and the prediction results of model. The experimental calibration matrix was designed by measuring the absorbance over the range 200-400 nm for 32 samples of 2.0-15.0 and 0.4-6.0 μg mL -1 of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, respectively. The root mean square error of prediction for sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim using DOSC-PLS and PLS were 0.02212, 0.02363 and 0.17014, 0.01660,μg mL -1 respectively. Application of the method to synthetic samples of standard solutions and in pharmaceutical formulation was performed and satisfactory results were obtained.

Spatial evolution of a quasi-two-dimensional Kármán vortex street subjected to a strong uniform magnetic field

“…(30) and (29) for HD flow and MHD flow, respectively, is examined using all the computed cases and relative standard errors (RSEs) are compared to assess the reliability of estimates. The RSE evaluates the residuals relative to the predicted value and is calculated as follows: 49,50 …”

Advantages of orthogonal inspection in chemometrics

“…Trygg and Wold [23] and Gottfries et al [9] highlight the importance of analyzing the orthogonal information to identify and understand it, aiming at future process improvements. The orthogonal framework has also been evaluated by different authors [43][44][45][46][47] and used in different contexts [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole following charge-transfer complexation with chloranilic acid

“…SMZ, on the other hand, has been determined singly using spectrophotometry (Mohammed et al, 1988;Nagaraja et al, 2002), fluorimetry (Vree et al, 1994) and HPLC. However, simultaneous determination of both compounds has been carried out by spectrophotometric methods with multi-component analysis based on the use of second derivative (Altesor et al, 1993), first derivative and spectral ratio (Markopoulou et al, 2004), bivariate calibration spectrophotometrics (Lopez-Martinez et al, 2002), HPLC (Gochin et al, 1981) and chemometrics (Goodarzi et al, 2009). Other methods include ratio spectra derivative spectrophotometry (Nevado et al, 1992), diazotization of SMZ and direct UV measurement of TMP (Shamsa and Amani, 2006), multivariate calibration approaches (Ni et al, 2006) and H-point standard additions method (Givinnrad et al, 2011).…”