Direct oxidation of benzene to phenol in a microreactor: Process parameters and reaction kinetics study

Zhao, Hailing; Liu, Saier; Shang, Minjing; Su, Yuanhai

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2021.116907

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…S9 †) and subsequently resulting in a significant decrease in the real retention time. [16][17][18] From the above results, the best operating parameters for the nitrosation-rearrangement coupling reaction have been decided: a set retention time of 15 min and a reaction temperature of 15 °C.…”

Section: Reaction Chemistry and Engineering Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous-flow and safe synthesis of 3-amino-4-amidoximinofurazan

Weng

Feng²,

et al. 2023

React. Chem. Eng.

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Section: Reaction Chemistry and Engineering Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous-flow and safe synthesis of 3-amino-4-amidoximinofurazan

Weng

Feng²,

et al. 2023

React. Chem. Eng.

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“…Under the best reaction conditions, the yield could reach 99% within 10 s. Chen et al conducted research on the synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-nitrotrifluoro-toluene in a microreactor, and the results suggested that when the molar ratio of HNO 3 /H 2 SO 4 /C 7 H 4 F 4 was 3.77/0.82/1, the reaction yield could reach 96.4%. Zhao et al studied the reaction of benzene and hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by solid metavanadate to produce phenol in the microreactor, and under the optimal conditions, the yield can reach 15%, and the selectivity can reach 94%. In the same year, Hussain et al utilized the outstanding mass and heat transfer capacity of the flow reactor and realized scale-up of the synthesis of selective herbicide pendimethalin at 50 kg/day in the pilot-scale plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Continuous Flow Nitration of Naphthalene

Xu,

Chen,

et al. 2023

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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In this work, the continuous flow nitration of naphthalene to 1-nitronaphthalene was systematically studied from the microreactor to mesoscale flow reactor and the safety issues during the reaction process were investigated. The effect of the molar ratio of nitric acid to naphthalene, residence time, reaction temperature, and sulfuric acid strength on the reaction process was comprehensively investigated in the microreactor. Under optimal conditions, the reaction yield could reach 94.96%. Due to the rapid exothermic characteristics of nitration, a quick heat transfer assessment was proposed to obtain the temperature profile during optimal conditions. It was found that the maximum overtemperature during the reaction was only 3.78 °C, which was consistent with the high yield under the optimal conditions. Then a scale-up of the microreactor to production was realized by a dimensionenlarging strategy. In the mesoscale flow reactor, the influence of volumetric flow rates was investigated. The annual output of the flow reactor could reach 2643 kg•a −1 while the highest overtemperature inside the reactor channel well exceeded 17.1 °C. In addition, a conventional semibatch experiment was carried out in the batch calorimeter RC1e to explore the reaction's exothermic characteristics. Finally, the performances of the two reactors were compared, showing that the continuous flow reactor had more advantages than the batch reactor in economic benefit and inherent safety.

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“…In recent years, significant progresses have been achieved in microchannel reactor technology for the chemical transformations with the advancement of science and technology. − Compared with traditional batch reactors, microchannel reactors have the essential characteristics of high efficiencies of mass and heat transfer, as well as an enhanced specific surface area, affording its high safety, good operability, precise control of the reaction conditions for getting high selectivity of the target product, and easiness of scale-up. Actually, microchannel reactors have been found to have wide applications in the field of photocatalytic chemistry for their abovementioned advantages and easy reaching reactants of light, including photoredox catalysis, elemental fluorination of β-dicarbonyl compounds, conjugate addition of acrolein with glycosylradicals, trifluoromethylation of heterocycles, oxidation of benzene to phenol, and light-initiated benzylic chlorination as well as alicyclic compounds. , In particular, microreactors − were also applied to the benzylic bromination with Br 2 or HBr/H 2 O 2 under light irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Oxidative Bromination of 2,6-Dichlorotoluene to 2,6-Dichlorobenzyl Bromide in a Microchannel Reactor

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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Photocatalytic oxidative benzylic bromination with hydrobromic acid (HBr) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a green process for the synthesis of benzyl bromides, but suffers from the risk of explosion when performing it in a batch reactor. This disadvantage could be overcome by running the reaction in a microchannel reactor. In this work, a green and safe process for the synthesis of 2,6-dichlorobenzyl bromide (DCBB) was developed by conducting selective benzylic bromination of 2,6dichlorotoluene (DCT) with H 2 O 2 as an oxidant and HBr as a bromine source in a microchannel reactor under light irradiation. The reaction parameters were optimized, and the conversion of DCT reached up to 98.1% with a DCBB yield of 91.4% under the optimal reaction conditions.

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Direct oxidation of benzene to phenol in a microreactor: Process parameters and reaction kinetics study

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Continuous-flow and safe synthesis of 3-amino-4-amidoximinofurazan

Continuous-flow and safe synthesis of 3-amino-4-amidoximinofurazan

Study on Continuous Flow Nitration of Naphthalene

Photocatalytic Oxidative Bromination of 2,6-Dichlorotoluene to 2,6-Dichlorobenzyl Bromide in a Microchannel Reactor

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