Direct relation between etonitazene dose and response rate: responding under a single FI per session

Gomez, Thomas H.; Meisch, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2004.07.005

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Although there are strict regulations concerning fungicides which must be satisfied prior to their retail sale, laboratory and epidemiological tests have proved many of them to be harmful to people and animals. An example of such is benzimidazole (like etonitazene) and its derivatives, which play an important role in controlling fungal diseases and at the same time may affect the central nervous system in a similar way to morphine [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Endophytic Strains Pantoea agglomerans in the Biological Control of Rhizoctonia solani

Nabrdalik

Moliszewska

Wierzba

2018

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Antagonistic activity of microorganisms against phytopathogens is mainly the results of plants' health improvement due to the inhibition of pathogens growth and the induction of plants resistance against diseases. The aim of the research was to determine antagonistic properties of Pantoea agglomerans against Rhizoctonia solani. The properties of two strains P. agglomerans BC17 and BC45 were assessed according to the following criteria: mycelial growth of R. solani in the presence of bacterial metabolites, an impact of P. agglomerans on the growth of sugar beet in the pots containing soil with and addition of R. solani and without it, the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). It has been recorded that antagonistic properties of tested strains are different. In the presence of metabolites of BC17 strains, the mycelial growth of R. solani was inhibited by 78 % and for the strain BC45 the value amounted 46 %. In the pot bioassay the number of infested plants growing in the soil inoculated with P. agglomerans and the pathogen was lower when compared with the pots containing R solani. A higher reduction of infested plants, amounting 23 %, was obtained for the strain BC17. Both strains had the ability to produce IAA -a plant hormone of the auxin class, in the presence of tryptophan and its absence in the medium. The highest concentration of IAA was recorded after 7 days of culturing in the supernatant obtained from the media containing 2000 µg/cm 3 of tryptophan. For the strain BC17 the concentration of IAA marked in the postculturing liquid amounted 71.57 µg/cm 3 , and for the BC45 strain it amounted over 80 µg/cm 3 . Obtained results prove that P. agglomerans may be used in the biological protection against phytopatogenic strains of R. solani.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Endophytic Strains Pantoea agglomerans in the Biological Control of Rhizoctonia solani

Nabrdalik

Moliszewska

Wierzba

2018

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…Long Fixed-Interval schedules of drug self-administration can result in substantial behavior before drug delivery (e.g., Gomez & Meisch, 2004; Kaminski, Goodwin, Wand, & Weerts, 2008), though not necessarily more overall behavior than that obtained under simple FR schedules (compare responding of these mice initially under an FR schedule reported in the text to responding under second-order schedule in Fig. 1C).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In summary, long Fixed-Interval schedules with or without brief stimulus presentations provide a means of studying medication effects on drug seeking and drug consumption independently (e.g., Gomez & Meisch, 2004; Kaminski et al, 2008), and to study how environmental factors can increase or decrease these behaviors. The present work shows that such procedures can be instituted in mice, a species in which genetic factors can be more readily manipulated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol self-administration in mice under a second-order schedule

Lamb

Pinkston

Ginsburg

2015

Alcohol

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Long Fixed-Interval (FI) schedules, particularly second-order schedules, can engender substantial responding before drug or ethanol delivery that is uninfluenced by the direct effects of the drug or ethanol. Thus, these schedules can be used to study the effects of medications upon drug- or ethanol-seeking, uninfluenced by the direct effects of the self-administered drug or ethanol. Long FI second-order schedules are frequently used in primates and occasionally in rats. Under second-order schedules, completion of one response requirement, e.g., a Fixed Ratio 10 (FR10:S), produces a brief stimulus presentation, e.g., a 1-sec 80-dB 4-kHZ tone, and this FR10:S serves as the response unit under another schedule, e.g., a FI 1800-sec. Thus, the first FR10 completed after 1800 sec would result in delivery both of the tone and of reinforcement, e.g., 10 × 0.01 mL 16% (w/v) ethanol. To examine if such schedules could be effectively used in mice, which have advantages in neurobiological and genetic studies, we trained eight C57BL/6J mice to respond under the schedule just described. This schedule maintained substantial responding. The temporal pattern of behavior was typical of an FI schedule with responding accelerating across the interval. We also examined the effects of acute and chronic administration of fluvoxamine on this responding, and these were modest. Finally, we examined responding when alcohol and/or tone deliveries were withheld, and found that extinction occurred most rapidly when both were withheld. This work demonstrates that long FI schedules of ethanol delivery may be useful in studying ethanol seeking in mice.

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Acquisition of Drug Self-Administration

Carroll

Meisch

2010

Animal Models of Drug Addiction

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Direct relation between etonitazene dose and response rate: responding under a single FI per session

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Importance of Endophytic Strains Pantoea agglomerans in the Biological Control of Rhizoctonia solani

Importance of Endophytic Strains Pantoea agglomerans in the Biological Control of Rhizoctonia solani

Ethanol self-administration in mice under a second-order schedule

Acquisition of Drug Self-Administration

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