Direct Seeded Rice: Strategies to Improve Crop Resilience and Food Security under Adverse Climatic Conditions

Jat, Rajkumar; Meena, Vijay Singh; Kumar, Manish; Jakkula, Vijay S.; Reddy, Illathur R.; Pandey, Avinash

doi:10.3390/land11030382

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although there has been an increasing push towards modernising rice agronomy via, e.g., direct planting (Kumar and Ladha 2011;Jat et al 2022;Su et al 2022), much current rice production remains dependent upon traditional approaches in which rice seedlings are initially grown in nurseries prior to transplanting to the paddy. There is thus a time during early growth (3-4 weeks) when the entire rice crop is essentially concentrated in a small area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO2 Priming as a Sustainable Approach to Increasing Rice Tiller Number and Yield Potential

Sloan

Mujab

Mashitah

et al. 2023

Rice

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Tillering and yield are linked in rice, with significant efforts being invested to understand the genetic basis of this phenomenon. However, in addition to genetic factors, tillering is also influenced by the environment. Exploiting experiments in which seedlings were first grown in elevated CO2 (eCO2) before transfer and further growth under ambient CO2 (aCO2) levels, we found that even moderate exposure times to eCO2 were sufficient to induce tillering in seedlings, which was maintained in plants grown to maturity plants in controlled environment chambers. We then explored whether brief exposure to eCO2 (eCO2 priming) could be implemented to regulate tiller number and yield in the field. We designed a cost-effective growth system, using yeast to increase the CO2 level for the first 24 days of growth, and grew these seedlings to maturity in semi-field conditions in Malaysia. The increased growth caused by eCO2 priming translated into larger mature plants with increased tillering, panicle number, and improved grain filling and 1000 grain weight. In order to make the process more appealing to conventional rice farmers, we then developed a system in which fungal mycelium was used to generate the eCO2 via respiration of sugars derived by growing the fungus on lignocellulosic waste. Not only does this provide a sustainable source of CO2, it also has the added financial benefit to farmers of generating economically valuable oyster mushrooms as an end-product of mycelium growth. Our experiments show that the system is capable of generating sufficient CO2 to induce increased tillering in rice seedlings, leading eventually to 18% more tillers and panicles in mature paddy-grown crop. We discuss the potential of eCO2 priming as a rapidly implementable, broadly applicable and sustainable system to increase tillering, and thus yield potential in rice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO2 Priming as a Sustainable Approach to Increasing Rice Tiller Number and Yield Potential

Sloan

Mujab

Mashitah

et al. 2023

Rice

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“…Crop rotation, for example, has been shown to help control pests and diseases, reduce weeds, and improve soil fertility [66]. Similarly, direct seeding has been found to be an effective way of reducing tillage costs and managing weeds [67]. Intercropping, which involves planting different crops in close proximity, has been shown to have a range of benefits, including reducing weed density, saving space, and controlling the spread of diseases and pests [68].…”

Section: Status Of Adoption and The Importance Of Agroecological Prac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Sustainable Vegetable Farming: Exploring Agroecological Alternatives to Chemical Products in the Fez-Meknes Region of Morocco

et al. 2023

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The use of excessive chemicals in agriculture can cause harm to the environment and human health. Sustainable agriculture systems promote agroecological practices to reduce chemical use and promote environmental and human health. However, there is a lack of data on the status of chemical use and the adoption of agroecological practices in the Fez-Meknes region, which is a significant national vegetable production area. To address this gap, we conducted cross-sectional surveys with 603 farmers to analyze their practices, behaviors, and knowledge regarding chemical and bio-product use, as well as the risks to crops, health, and the environment. Additionally, we aimed to diagnose the diffusion of agroecological practices and identify the most relevant obstacles and motivations for adoption. Our results indicate that a majority of farmers (95%) use chemicals throughout the production process but lack a good understanding of their use and associated risks. However, farmers do have access to alternative practices such as crop rotation (99.67%), manure (96.35%), drip irrigation (74.46%), and intercropping (69%). The success of these practices among farmers was a significant motivation for their adoption (50%), whereas the difficulties of managing pests and diseases without pesticides (73.2%) and the lack of technical advice and support (70.8%) were the main barriers to adoption. In conclusion, our study highlights the need for training and financial encouragement from the state to promote healthy and eco-friendly farming practices. This research provides valuable insights into the current status of chemical use and the adoption of agroecological practices in the Fez-Meknes region, which can inform policy decisions and promote sustainable agriculture practices for the future.

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“…Global warming and urbanization have brought about changes in the intensity and frequency of weather-causing factors and the exposure of crop-bearing bodies, which have important implications for agricultural production's ability to withstand natural disasters [1,2]. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) and Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) point out that global warming has led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts, and the risk of drought is expected to show an increasing trend in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Risk Assessment of Agricultural Drought Disasters in the Major Grain-Producing Areas of Jilin Province, China

Zhang

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Land

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The impact of global climate change has intensified, and the frequent occurrence of meteorological disasters has posed a serious challenge to crop production. This article conducts an integrated risk assessment of agricultural drought disasters in the main grain-producing areas of Jilin Province using the temperature and precipitation data of the study area from 1955 to 2020, the sown area of crops, historical disaster data, regional remote sensing images, and statistical yearbook data. The agricultural drought integrated risk assessment model was built around four factors: drought hazards, vulnerability of hazard-bearing bodies, sensitivity of disaster-pregnant environments, and stability of disaster mitigation capacity. The results show that the study area has shown a trend of changing from wet to dry and then wet over the past 66 years, with the occasional occurrence of severe drought, and a decreasing trend at a rate of −0.089. (10a)−1 overall. The integrated risk of drought in the study area exhibits regional clustering, and the overall risk level has some relationship spatially with the regional geological tectonic units, with the high-risk level concentrated in the central area of Song Liao Basin and close to the geological structure of Yishu Graben and the low risk level concentrated in the marginal area of Song Liao Basin. Based on the results of the risk factor analysis, integrated risk prevention suggestions for drought in the main grain-producing areas of Jilin Province were put forward from four aspects. Fine identification and evaluation of high-risk areas of agricultural drought can provide a quantitative basis for effective drought resistance activities in relevant areas.

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Direct Seeded Rice: Strategies to Improve Crop Resilience and Food Security under Adverse Climatic Conditions

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Elevated CO2 Priming as a Sustainable Approach to Increasing Rice Tiller Number and Yield Potential

Elevated CO2 Priming as a Sustainable Approach to Increasing Rice Tiller Number and Yield Potential

Towards Sustainable Vegetable Farming: Exploring Agroecological Alternatives to Chemical Products in the Fez-Meknes Region of Morocco

Integrated Risk Assessment of Agricultural Drought Disasters in the Major Grain-Producing Areas of Jilin Province, China

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