Direct Selective Functionalization of Nanometer-Separated Gold Electrodes with DNA Oligonucleotides

Wälti, Christoph; Wirtz, René; Germishuizen, W. A.; Bailey, David M.; Pepper, M.; Middelberg, Anton P. J.; Davies, A. G.

doi:10.1021/la026513w

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A new technique for selectively functionalizing closely spaced gold electrodes of separation below 50 nm with different thiolated oligonucleotides using a local, selective electrochemical desorption of a molecular protection layer followed by the subsequent adsorption of the oligonucleotides onto the exposed surface is recently reported. 44 This technique does not rely on the use of a local probe such as an atomic force microscope tip. The surface-bound oligonucleotides retain their unique molecular recognition and self-assembly properties and so functionalize the electrode array.…”

Section: Surface Patterning Using Samsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring self-assembled monolayers at the electrochemical interface

2009

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Abstract. The main focus of this review is to illustrate the amenability of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for functionalisation with different receptors, catalytic materials, biomolecules, enzymes, antigen-antibody, etc for various applications. The review discusses initially about the preparation and characterization of SAMs and tailoring of SAMs by incorporation of suitable recognition elements. A description of how the molecular recognition is achieved through forces like electrostatic, covalent and host-guest interactions is included in the review.

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Section: Surface Patterning Using Samsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring self-assembled monolayers at the electrochemical interface

2009

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“…This can be repeated sequentially to pattern different DNA anchors across the surface. This technique has been demonstrated for monolayer patterning [17], DNA [15,18] and peptide binding [19] as well as cell capture and release [20], and potentially allows the wiring of individual molecular constructs in a site-directed fashion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA self-assembly-driven positioning of molecular components on nanopatterned surfaces

2016

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We present a method for the specific, spatially targeted attachment of DNA molecules to lithographically patterned gold surfaces—demonstrated by bridging DNA strands across nanogap electrode structures. An alkanethiol self-assembled monolayer was employed as a molecular resist, which could be selectively removed via electrochemical desorption, allowing the binding of thiolated DNA anchoring oligonucleotides to each electrode. After introducing a bridging DNA molecule with single-stranded ends complementary to the electrode-tethered anchoring oligonucleotides, the positioning of the DNA molecule across the electrode gap, driven by self-assembly, occurred autonomously. This demonstrates control of molecule positioning with resolution limited only by the underlying patterned structure, does not require any alignment, is carried out entirely under biologically compatible conditions, and is scalable.

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“…Electrochemical approaches can also be considered for functionalizing nanoscale electrodes as they allow us to easily address elaborate electrode arrays with arbitrary topography as well as different conducting-material surfaces. Thereby, Walti [21] and coworkers demonstrated the selective functionalization of one microelectrode in an array of two, separated by a gap of 50 nm. For this purpose, both microelectrodes were modified with a thiolated molecular mask that was selectively replaced, when appropriately polarized, by thiolated oligonucleotide (ODN) sequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23] The technique has been subsequently improved by limiting the microcell diameter (electro-spotting from 5 [24] to 800 mm [25] ). However, even if the reliability of polypyrrole-ODN (PPy-ODN) films has already been demonstrated for the generation of biological microarrays, [21,22,25] its feasibility at the nanometer scale has not been demonstrated to date. Herein, we report on the indiSurface modification at the nanometer scale is a challenge for the future of molecular electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Functionalization of Nanoelectrodes by Oligonucleotides via Pyrrole Electrochemistry

et al. 2010

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Surface modification at the nanometer scale is a challenge for the future of molecular electronics. In particular, the precise anchoring and electrical addressing of biological scaffolds such as complex DNA nanonetworks is of importance for generating bio-directed assemblies of nano-objects for nanocircuit purposes. Herein, we consider the individual modification of nanoelectrodes with different oligonucleotide sequences by an electrochemically driven co-polymerization process of pyrrole and modified oligonucleotide sequences bearing pyrrole monomers. We demonstrate that this one-step technique presents the advantages of simplicity, localization of surface modification, mechanical, biological and chemical stability of the coatings, and high lateral resolution.

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Direct Selective Functionalization of Nanometer-Separated Gold Electrodes with DNA Oligonucleotides

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Tailoring self-assembled monolayers at the electrochemical interface

Tailoring self-assembled monolayers at the electrochemical interface

DNA self-assembly-driven positioning of molecular components on nanopatterned surfaces

Versatile Functionalization of Nanoelectrodes by Oligonucleotides via Pyrrole Electrochemistry

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