Direct visualization of sulfur cathodes: new insights into Li–S batteries <i>via operando</i> X-ray based methods

Yu, Seung‐Ho; Huang, Xin; Schwarz, Kathleen; Huang, Rong; Arias, T. A.; Brock, J. D.; Abruña, Héctor D.

doi:10.1039/c7ee02874a

Cited by 113 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…11 These materials can be studied in a host of different experimental or real conditions; these range from post-mortem analysis of degradation or failure mechanisms, [12][13][14][15] to mechanistic studies through in situ and operando measurements. [16][17][18][19] Valuable metrics such as porosity, pore and particle size distributions, and tortuosity can be extracted directly from the volumetric image data, serving as a diagnostic tool that offers a deeper insight into performance limitations and degradation pathways leading to failure. More recently, the availability of greater computing power has facilitated the use of actual image data to build more realistic models of battery systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional image based modelling of transport parameters in lithium–sulfur batteries

Tan

Kok

Daemi

et al. 2019

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional image based modelling of transport parameters in lithium–sulfur batteries

Tan

Kok

Daemi

et al. 2019

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…[75][76][77] Furthermore, the presence of electrocatalysts can dynamically influence the nucleation and growth of Li 2 S, feasibly presenting a route toward addressing the detrimental growth mechanisms shown by Abruña and co-workers. [72] In 2016, Zhu et al demonstrated a nitrogen-enriched carbon host, which allowed the sulfur active material to outperform an unmodified carbon host at low temperatures. [78] Indeed, after 100 cycles at −20 °C, the nitrogen-enriched cathode demonstrated a discharge capacity of 368 mA h g −1 , compared to just 115 mA h g −1 for the unmodified cathode.…”

Section: Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Advanced Lithium‐Based Batteries for Low‐Temperature Conditions

Gupta

Manthiram

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

294

193

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requirements over the time of use, including variable rates, and pressures, and often most critical, temperatures. [2-4] The required low-temperature capabilities, shown in Figure 1, can present a critical roadblock toward the use of lithium-ion batteries. Commercial state-of-the-art batteries see noticeable drops in capacity retention and rate capability below 0 °C, and will rarely be recommended for use below −20 °C. [5] This limitation is defined by the kinetics of ion-transfer in solution; at low-temperatures, every stage of charge-transfer, from ion diffusion within the electrolyte and electrode materials to charge-transfer across the electrode-electrolyte interfaces, is significantly impeded. Low-temperature conditions, in which the environment itself has relatively limited thermal kinetic energy available, can present significant energetic hurdles within the chemical reaction pathway normally followed during charge and discharge at room temperature. In applications with recurring exposure to low-temperature conditions, particularly electric-vehicles and space applications, there is currently heavy reliance on secondary heating solutions coupled with thermal management systems in order to ensure consistent power delivery during operation. [6] Thermal management solutions can generally be classified as either internal, with thermal management elements integrated directly within the cell itself, or external, where thermal management solutions are applied to an entire pack or module. Internal solutions, including cells with integrated AC self-heating [7] or other internal self-heating structures, [8] are generally not feasible or practical to integrate within every cell used in an application given the added weight and complexity of such systems. [9] More commonly, external heating solutions are applied including thermal heating jackets or heating elements, warm-air heating, or liquid heat-transfer approaches. While these strategies may be more feasible to implement in practice than internal solutions, they also are accompanied by added weight, greater complexity, and reduced overall energy efficiency. [7,9] In space applications, there is often a reliance on radioisotope thermal generators (RTGs), which pair a thermoelectric generator with a decaying radioactive material to ensure consistent and reliable power generation energy. The waste heat from such systems is utilized to heat secondary systems, such Energy-dense rechargeable batteries have enabled a multitude of applications in recent years. Moving forward, they are expected to see increasing deployment in performance-critical areas such as electric vehicles, grid storage, space, defense, and subsea operations. While this at first glance spells great promise for conventional lithium-ion batteries, all of these usecases, unfortunately, share periodic and recurring exposures to extremely low-temperature conditions, a performance constraint where the lithiumion chemistry can fail to perform optimally. Next-generation chemistries employing alternative anodes...

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“…These results support that the ECI process leads to homogeneous sulfur dispersion covering even the pores of MCN, which is believed to be helpful to the cycle stability and rate performance. [19] Battery performance tests were conducted with the two electrodes. Before the ECI process, the melt electrode has higher sulfur-carbon contact area, resulting in higher capacity than that of the mix electrode (Figure 4a).…”

Section: Enhancing the Of Performance Of Lithium-sulfur Batteries Thrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the of Performance of Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries through Electrochemical Impregnation of Sulfur in Hierarchical Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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Hierarchical mesoporous carbon was studied as a key material for enhancing sulfur utilization in Li−S batteries. Commonly, thermal sulfur infiltration into mesoporous carbon was a representative method for S−C composites; however, these had some problems such as pore blocking or nonuniform deposition of sulfur. Electrochemical sulfur impregnation without chemical or thermal infiltration reduced the preprocess time and enabled efficient polysulfide diffusion into the carbon pores. As the soluble polysulfides are smaller and more mobile than solid‐state sulfur, they could be physically or chemically adsorbed into the pores of the carbon additives. This approach enhanced the cycle stability and rate performance of the batteries. This study will provide an efficient and economic use of porous carbons in the Li−S battery field.

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Direct visualization of sulfur cathodes: new insights into Li–S batteries via operando X-ray based methods

Abstract: For Li–S batteries, operando X-ray diffraction and X-ray microscopy are combined to visualize the evolution of both the morphology and crystal structure of the materials during the cycling.

Cited by 113 publications

References 30 publications

Three-dimensional image based modelling of transport parameters in lithium–sulfur batteries

Three-dimensional image based modelling of transport parameters in lithium–sulfur batteries

Designing Advanced Lithium‐Based Batteries for Low‐Temperature Conditions

Enhancing the of Performance of Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries through Electrochemical Impregnation of Sulfur in Hierarchical Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticles

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