Direction finding and beamforming using cylindrical array of dipole antennas in the presence of cylindrical scatterer/reflector including the mutual coupling effect

Abstract

Three-dimensional dipole arrays are normally used at the proximity of a reflective structure. Filamentary short-circuited dipoles are proposed to model the effect of the reflector structure. The computational burden is significantly reduced by using mutual impedance matrices. An analytical method of modelling the effect of the cylindrical reflector in a threedimensional cylindrical geometry of dipole antenna arrays is introduced both for direction finding and beamforming applications in the presence of mutual coupling. The results of the implementation of the MUSIC (multiple signal classification) direction-finding algorithm show that the proposed model for accounting the cylindrical reflector, in the presence of a mutual coupling effect, has the required efficiency and reduced root-mean-square-error (RMSE). Monte-Carlo simulations for the beamforming algorithm are conducted to evaluate the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) values in the presence of a cylindrical reflector and the results show that the model has the desired performance. The whole process of beamforming and pattern generation has been verified through high-frequency structural simulator (HFSS) simulation. The simplicity, adequate precision and low computational cost of this method can be appropriately used in the cylindrical reflector/scatterer in threedimensional geometries, especially for base station applications. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Alternative Formulation of Antenna Arrays for DF Systems Considering Active-Element Patterns and Scattering Matrices

“…To compensate for this simplification, some calibration techniques have been proposed [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], but in general, they involve an additional phase of measurements. On the other hand, some improved models consider mutual coupling [ 13 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] and antenna polarization [ 26 , 27 , 28 ] in their formulations to enhance the accuracy of the DoA estimation and to reduce the complexity of the aforementioned calibration stage.…”

The effect of far-field cylindrical scatterers on radio direction finding and beamforming estimated by cylindrical array of dipoles

“…The effect of a cylindrical reflector/scatterer at the proximity of three-dimensional cylindrical array was formulated for direction finding and beamforming algorithms in the presence of mutual coupling effects [12].…”