Directional control of neurite outgrowth: emerging technologies for Parkinson's disease using magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic field gradients

Dhillon, K; Aïzel, Koceila; Broomhall, T. J.; Secret, Emilie; Goodman, Timothy; Rotherham, Michael; Telling, Neil D.; Siaugue, Jean‐Michel; Ménager, Christine; Fresnais, Jérôme; Coppey, Mathieu; Haj, Alicia J. El; Gates, Monte

doi:10.1098/rsif.2022.0576

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current research advances have taken advantage of such cell magnetization to control neuronal outgrowth under magnetic fields. [ 26 , 27 ] Here, it is thanks to this cell magnetization process that they can be aggregated under an external magnetic field within minutes, rapidly adopting a spherical shape in the process. Mature spheroids are obtained in less than 1 day, permitting the direct observation of important early stage tissue morphogenesis processes that were otherwise unattainable with non‐magnetic spheroids produced with the typical centrifugation into agarose molds method, probably due to a less overall cohesivity conferred from the initial aggregation force translating into longer maturation requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Tension and Neuronal Sorting in Magnetically Engineered Brain‐Like Tissue

et al. 2023

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Engineered 3D brain‐like models have advanced the understanding of neurological mechanisms and disease, yet their mechanical signature, while fundamental for brain function, remains understudied. The surface tension for instance controls brain development and is a marker of cell‐cell interactions. Here, 3D magnetic brain‐like tissue spheroids composed of intermixed primary glial and neuronal cells at different ratios are engineered. Remarkably, the two cell types self‐assemble into a functional tissue, with the sorting of the neuronal cells toward the periphery of the spheroids, whereas the glial cells constitute the core. The magnetic fingerprint of the spheroids then allows their deformation when placed under a magnetic field gradient, at a force equivalent to a 70 g increased gravity at the spheroid level. The tissue surface tension and elasticity can be directly inferred from the resulting deformation, revealing a transitional dependence on the glia/neuron ratio, with the surface tension of neuronal tissue being much lower. The results suggest an underlying mechanical contribution to the exclusion of the neurons toward the outer spheroid region, and depict the glia/neuron organization as a sophisticated mechanism that should in turn influence tissue development and homeostasis relevant in the neuroengineering field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Tension and Neuronal Sorting in Magnetically Engineered Brain‐Like Tissue

et al. 2023

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“…Interestingly, similar results have been observed in other studies utilising non-specifically targeted or internalised MNP. In these studies magnetic fields were used to enhance neurite extension and exert directional control over neurite direction ( 33 , 46 , 47 ). This suggests a role for non-specific MNP in promoting directional neurite extension under applied magnetic fields.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic activation of TREK1 triggers stress signalling and regulates neuronal branching in SH-SY5Y cells

Rotherham

Moradi

Nahar

et al. 2022

Front. Med. Technol.

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TWIK-related K+ 1 (TREK1) is a potassium channel expressed in the nervous system with multiple functions including neurotransmission and is a prime pharmacological target for neurological disorders. TREK1 gating is controlled by a wide range of external stimuli including mechanical forces. Previous work has demonstrated that TREK1 can be mechano-activated using magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) functionalised with antibodies targeted to TREK1 channels. Once the MNP are bound, external dynamic magnetic fields are used to generate forces on the TREK channel. This approach has been shown to drive cell differentiation in cells from multiple tissues. In this work we investigated the effect of MNP-mediated TREK1 mechano-activation on early stress response pathways along with the differentiation and connectivity of neuronal cells using the model neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y. Results showed that TREK1 is well expressed in SH-SY5Y and that TREK1-MNP initiate c-Myc/NF-κB stress response pathways as well as Nitrite production after magnetic stimulation, indicative of the cellular response to mechanical cues. Results also showed that TREK1 mechano-activation had no overall effect on neuronal morphology or expression of the neuronal marker βIII-Tubulin in Retinoic Acid (RA)/Brain-derived Neurotrophic factor (BDNF) differentiated SH-SY5Y but did increase neurite number. These results suggest that TREK1 is involved in cellular stress response signalling in neuronal cells, which leads to increased neurite production, but is not involved in regulating RA/BDNF mediated neuronal differentiation.

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“…Combinations of various field gradients permit IONPs to alter their position and trajectory. The combination of field gradients, as elucidated by the magnetophoretic model, fundamentally determines the resultant directional force experienced by the MNPs and their ensuing motion [ 106 ]. Advanced supermagnets enable the creation of finer magnetic field gradients within the body’s trauma sites.…”

Section: Iron Nanoparticles For Chronic Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Nanoparticles Open Up New Directions for Promoting Healing in Chronic Wounds in the Context of Bacterial Infection

Lu,

Yu,

Nie

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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Metal nanoparticles play an outstanding role in the field of wound healing due to their excellent properties, and the significance of iron, one of the most widely used metals globally, cannot be overlooked. The purpose of this review is to determine the importance of iron nanoparticles in wound-healing dressings. Prolonged, poorly healing wounds may induce infections; wound infections are a major cause of chronic wound formation. The primary components of iron nanoparticles are iron oxide nanoparticles, which promote wound healing by being antibacterial, releasing metal ions, and overcoming bacterial resistance. The diameter of iron oxide nanoparticles typically ranges between 1 and 100 nm. Magnetic nanoparticles with a diameter of less than 30 nm are superparamagnetic and are referred to as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. This subset of iron oxide nanoparticles can use an external magnetic field for novel functions such as magnetization and functionalization. Iron nanoparticles can serve clinical purposes not only to enhance wound healing through the aforementioned means but also to ameliorate anemia and glucose irregularities, capitalizing on iron’s properties. Iron nanoparticles positively impact the healing process of chronic wounds, potentially extending beyond wound management.

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Directional control of neurite outgrowth: emerging technologies for Parkinson's disease using magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic field gradients

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Surface Tension and Neuronal Sorting in Magnetically Engineered Brain‐Like Tissue

Surface Tension and Neuronal Sorting in Magnetically Engineered Brain‐Like Tissue

Magnetic activation of TREK1 triggers stress signalling and regulates neuronal branching in SH-SY5Y cells

Iron Nanoparticles Open Up New Directions for Promoting Healing in Chronic Wounds in the Context of Bacterial Infection

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