Directional processing within the perceptual span during visual target localization

Greene, Harold H.; Pollatsek, Alexander; Masserang, Kathleen M.; Lee, Yen Ju; Rayner, Keith

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.04.012

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Deubel and Schneider (1996) also showed that it is impossible to discriminate a target at one location while preparing a saccade to another location. Due to this coupling between attention and saccades, saccade amplitudes and direction are thought to reflect attentional selection and thus the spatial extent of parafoveal processing (Greene, Pollatsek, Masserang, Lee, & Rayner, 2010;Loschky & McConkie, 2002;Nuthmann, 2013). Following this notion, the aforementioned effects of central and peripheral scene degradation on saccade amplitudes suggest more focused attention on the unfiltered central region with peripheral filtering and a stronger attentional bias toward the periphery with central filtering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling of attention and saccades when viewing scenes with central and peripheral degradation

et al. 2016

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Degrading real-world scenes in the central or the peripheral visual field yields a characteristic pattern: Mean saccade amplitudes increase with central and decrease with peripheral degradation. Does this pattern reflect corresponding modulations of selective attention? If so, the observed saccade amplitude pattern should reflect more focused attention in the central region with peripheral degradation and an attentional bias toward the periphery with central degradation. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured the detectability of peripheral (Experiment 1) or central targets (Experiment 2) during scene viewing when low or high spatial frequencies were gaze-contingently filtered in the central or the peripheral visual field. Relative to an unfiltered control condition, peripheral filtering induced a decrease of the detection probability for peripheral but not for central targets (tunnel vision). Central filtering decreased the detectability of central but not of peripheral targets. Additional post hoc analyses are compatible with the interpretation that saccade amplitudes and direction are computed in partial independence. Our experimental results indicate that task-induced modulations of saccade amplitudes reflect attentional modulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling of attention and saccades when viewing scenes with central and peripheral degradation

et al. 2016

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“…In one scene-viewing task, the stimuli were randomly chosen webpages, containing pictures and words. All other stimulus sets are well described in the published datasets ( 45 , 46 , 47 ), and briefly described in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six of the datasets were from 3 published studies that reported the vertical asymmetry in PSFDs during saccadic exploration (Brown & Greene, 2018;Greene & Brown, 2017;Greene et al, 2014). Eight of the datasets were from 3 published studies of saccadic exploration that had not previously checked for the vertical asymmetry in PSFDs (Foulsham & Kingstone, 2010;Greene, Brown, & Paradis, 2013;Greene, Pollatsek, Masserang, Lee, & Rayner, 2010;Strauss, Ossenfort, & Whearty, 2016). Nine new eye-movement datasets were from the laboratories of the authors, and were included in the analysis, to minimize publication bias.…”

Section: Description Of Selected Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one sceneviewing task, the stimuli were randomly chosen webpages, containing pictures and words. All other stimulus sets are well described in the published datasets (see Greene, Brown, & Paradis, 2013;Greene, Pollatsek, Masserang, Lee, & Rayner, 2010;Strauss, Ossenfort, & Whearty, 2016), and briefly described in Table 1. In sum, 23 datasets were included in the metaanalysis (14 visual search, and 9 scene-viewing datasets).…”

Section: Description Of Selected Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shorter fixation durations for up-directed saccades during saccadic exploration: A meta-analysis

Greene

Brown²,

Strauss³

2020

JEMR

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Utilizing 23 datasets, we report a meta-analysis of an asymmetry in presaccadic fixation durations for saccades directed above and below eye fixation during saccadic exploration. For inclusion in the meta-analysis, saccadic exploration of complex visual displays had to have been made without gaze-contingent manipulations. Effect sizes for the asymmetry were quantified as Hedge’s g. Pooled effect sizes indicated significant asymmetries such that during saccadic exploration in a variety of tasks, presaccadic fixation durations for saccades directed into the upper visual field were reliably shorter than presaccadic fixation durations for saccades into the lower visual field. It is contended that the asymmetry is robust and important for efforts aimed at modelling when a saccade is initiated as a function of ensuing saccade direction.

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“…Even when the perceptual span of expert readers is biased towards the direction from which most useful information can be expected (Greene, Pollatsek, Masserang, Ju Lee, & Rayner, 2010; Jordan at al., 2014; Paterson et al, 2014), parafoveal processing of beginning readers is expected to be less biased. However, even though prereaders spend only a small amount of time looking at print in storybooks (Evans & Saint-Aubin, 2005), children in this early stage may, as a result of book-reading experiences and name writing, be familiar with the reading direction of their language (Clay, 1979) and show an asymmetry in the same direction as expert readers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parafoveal processing of letters and letter-like forms in prereaders growing up in a left-to-right or a right-to-left writing convention

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to test that the ability to obtain information about more than one letter at a glance develops prior to conventional reading. This study included 55 Dutch-speaking prereaders (mean age 63.56 months, SD = 6.55) and 45 Hebrew-speaking prereaders (mean age = 66.71 months, SD = 8.35). In a perceptual span task, one letter was projected in the fovea, the other to the right or to the left, at a distance of 4 or 6 letters from the center letter. A second perceptual span task included letter-like forms instead of letters. Eye-tracking was used to control whether children fixated on the center letter or letter-like form during the task. Obtaining information about two letters/forms was easier when the parafoveally projected letter/form was projected to the right for both Hebrew and Dutch children. Hemispheric dominance and not the dominant reading direction (right to left in Hebrew and left to right in Dutch) may explain this preference for right, which may mean that left-to-right reading is easier to learn than right-to-left reading. We did find, nevertheless, some evidence that reading direction in the dominant orthography affected how children divided attention over letters.

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Directional processing within the perceptual span during visual target localization

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Coupling of attention and saccades when viewing scenes with central and peripheral degradation

Coupling of attention and saccades when viewing scenes with central and peripheral degradation

Shorter fixation durations for up-directed saccades during saccadic exploration: A meta-analysis

Parafoveal processing of letters and letter-like forms in prereaders growing up in a left-to-right or a right-to-left writing convention

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