Directional spectral emissivities of clear skies

Subambient passive radiative cooling effects of barium sulfate and calcium carbonate paints under Malaysia's tropical climate

“…A variety of factors can affect the net cooling power of the cooling paints including the humidity levels, wind speed, cloud opacity and the zenith angle. 22…”

Infrared radiative properties of polymer coatings containing hollow microspheres

“…The first of these ranges is characterized by the strongest peak of reflectance and it is a good chance to verify the theoretical model in the near infrared. The peak of reflectance at k = 11.5 lm is not so strong but this spectral range is important for the problem of night cooling of buildings because of the transparency of clear sky in the range 8.5 < k < 13.5 lm [16][17][18].…”

Modeling of thermal radiation of polymer coating containing hollow microspheres

“…Note that the spectral and angular dependences of thermal radiation of the sky for the most important cloudless case (when the heat loss is maximal) are rather complex, and special studies have been devoted to this problem [32][33][34][35]. I will follow Gherman and Grinchuk [29] and use the conventional temperature of the external source of equilibrium radiation; however, the suggested computational model allows the introduction of necessary refinements.…”

“…The Mie coefficients a k and b k are calculated by the formulas [9] ( 35) where (36) In formulas (33)-(36), x′ = 2πa′/λ, x′′ = 2πa′′/λ, the quantities m′ = n′ -iκ′ and m′′ = n′′ -iκ′′ are complex refractive indexes of the core and shell, and the functions α k , β k , and γ k are expressed in terms of the Riccati-Bessel functions [9]. As was demonstrated in [45], formulas (35) and (36) for the Mie coefficients may also be used in the case where the medium surrounding the particle refracts and absorbs radiation. With an arbitrary value of the complex refractive index of the surrounding medium m 0 = n 0 -iκ 0 , it is sufficient to replace the diffraction parameters x′ and x′′ by the complex quantities and , and the complex refractive indexes m′ and m′′ by the relative quantities and .…”