Directions for improving the quality of education in Belarusian universities (sociological analysis)

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Educational institutions all over the world realize the importance of promoting international cooperation. In order to stay competitive in such fields like education, research, innovations it is no longer enough to count on only internal resources. Exchange of experience, knowledge sharing, benchmarking provide possibilities for universities to constantly remain updated on modern know-hows.</jats:p><jats:p>New opportunities for improving the quality of higher education in Belarus are provided by different international programs and projects. Among them there is the project of the EU Program ERASMUS + CBHE “University Teaching and Learning Enhancement” / UniTeLE, which has been implemented since 2019. The project coordinator is Linnaeus University (Sweden).</jats:p><jats:p>In the framework of the ERASMUS + UniTeLE project, a consortium of Belarusian universities has conducted a higher education quality research. The purpose of this research is to identify areas for improving the quality of higher education in Belarus.</jats:p><jats:p>The research was carried out on the basis of a sociological survey of a representative sampling of teachers, staff and students of six Belarusian universities (more than 350 respondents from Minsk, Gomel, Brest, Gorki, Polotsk, Grodno were interviewed). Both SWOT analysis of higher education quality in Belarus and focus group of possible improvement were performed. The discussion was attended by work groups of 25 leaders, teachers and students from each of the Belarusian universities of the project consortium.</jats:p><jats:p>The following fundamental research results should be noted. Among the strengths of Belarusian universities are: specialization in the regions, the system of additional adult education, and practical experience of teachers (2/3 of respondents). 58% of respondents are confident in the advantages of innovative educational technologies used by teachers, 47% indicated a low intensity of innovation implementation. Respondents noted the high level of Hard Skills competencies of the teaching staff and insufficiently of Soft Skills competencies for both teachers and students. The respondents identified outdated educational technologies and methods and the content of curricula as the fundamental weakness of Belarusian education.</jats:p><jats:p>The following areas of quality improvement have been identified as the most important for Belarusian universities: <jats:list list-type="custom"><jats:list-item><jats:label>-</jats:label><jats:p>the development of Soft Skills competencies of both teachers and students to provide their close interaction;</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:label>-</jats:label><jats:p>the development of Soft Skills competencies among students to provide their close interaction with employers (the development of job search skills, entrepreneurial activity);</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:label>-</jats:label><jats:p>the introduction of active teaching and learning methods, the development of interactive educational technologies;</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:label>-</jats:label><jats:p>the inсlusion of students in the process of education quality internal assessment;</jats:p></jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:label>-</jats:label><jats:p>systematic assessment of teachers, including the process of applying for a job, teacher academic development planning (HR management).</jats:p></jats:list-item></jats:list></jats:p><jats:p>For the practical improvement in the suggested areas, it is advisable to create Life Long Learning Centres and Centres of Academic Development of teachers in Belarusian universities, as well as a student-oriented quality assessment system. To improve the quality and competitiveness of Belarusian education, it is also advisable to develop international cooperation and networking among universities. The positive experience of such projects as TEMPUS ECOTESY, ERASMUS + UniTeLE, ERASMUS + BELL and others, can contribute to such cooperation and interaction.</jats:p>

Impact of teaching-learning approaches on graduates' learning outcomes: evidence in Belarus

“…Studies of other countries such as Kyrgyzstan (Shamatov, 2015) and Latvia (Si Mhamed et al ., 2018) both of which are post-Soviet countries produced similar findings. The results might be due to fewer advanced qualified teachers; although Belarus started implementation of the Bologna process in 2015, teacher accreditation based on having a doctoral degree (PhD), relevance of teaching experience and incentives for mobility within the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) which are provided in Western countries, are not regulated or evaluated in the Belarusian education system as ways to improve the quality of the teaching workforce (Kalesnik et al ., 2020).…”

“…At the same time, the 2017 Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey reported a lack of soft skills among Belarusian graduates in the labor market (BEEPS, 2017). The major human resources agencies that interact with employers and former studentjob-seekers report similar deficiencies (Kalesnik et al, 2020). This suggests the need for a deeper examination of how teachers perceive their contribution to the development of students' competencies and the factors that influence their perceptions.…”

Employers’ perceptions of young higher education graduates’ employability in Belarus

“…At the same time, the 2017 Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey reports a lack of soft skills among Belarusian graduates in the labour market (BEEPS, 2017). The major human resources agencies, which are in contact with employers and former student-job-seekers, report the same deficiencies (Kalesnik et al, 2020).…”

The Implementation of Best Practices of International Projects as the Way of Enhancement of Higher and Business Education in Belarus

“…Particularization of Intervention Areas research was applied to achieve the aim of the UniTeLE project [15]. To carry out this kind of research, a consortium of Belarusian universities used: • SWOT analysis of QA at each Belarusian partner-university;…”

“…New opportunities for the development of education in the Republic of Belarus are provided by international programs and projects [1]. Among them are the Programs of the United States of America, the European Union and others, that give the opportunity to the participating teachers, researchers, higher education institutions' leader to actively implement the gained experience in their countries.…”