DISAPPEARANCE RATE OF EXOGENOUS THYROTROPHIN FROM THE BLOOD OF NORMAL AND HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS<sup>1</sup><sup>2</sup>

D'Angelo, Savino A.

doi:10.1210/endo-48-3-249

Cited by 25 publications

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“…Unlike in the rat, thyroidal 131 uptake curves in given 13I-T, or 1'I-T 4 , total body disappearance the infected and healthy mouse and guinea pig of the labeled hormones, followed over a period of vwere superimposable. Thyroidal I' release in the several days, was not appreciably altered.…”

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“…Organ to be related to a decreased pituitary response to radioactivity was measured following serial alterations in circulating unbound thyroxine. In sacrifice after the administration of 1'I-T 4 or spite of these changes, no specific alteration in "3I-T3 to healthy and infected rats. In the T 4 thyroid physiology could be demonstrated that group radioactivity in livers from infected rats would differentiate infection from other nonwas consistently lower than in h,.althy animals, specific stresses in the rat.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…In sacrifice after the administration of 1'I-T 4 or spite of these changes, no specific alteration in "3I-T3 to healthy and infected rats. In the T 4 thyroid physiology could be demonstrated that group radioactivity in livers from infected rats would differentiate infection from other nonwas consistently lower than in h,.althy animals, specific stresses in the rat. (Endocrinology 79: In both the infected T, and T 4 groups, thyroidal 511,1966) T HE RESPONSE of the thyroid gland oides immitis (2).…”

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“…Although diminished the thyroidal release of 13'I to be delayed. basal metabolic rates were reported as They postulated that reduced TSH output, early as 1926 in children and adults follow-associated with lowered food intake during ing pneumonococcal pneumonia (1), no infection, might contribute to the reduction basic research into the mechanisms of thy-of thyroidal activity in a manner similar to roid alterations in generalized infection the depression of TSH which occurred in appeared until 1955, when Sternberg dem-starved rats (4). Badrick and Brimble-umzbe onstrated a depression of thyroidal 13I noted an electric shock-induced decrease of uptake in the mouse infected with Coccidi-"I uptake in the thyroid of the hypophysectomized rat, which appeared to result 512 SHAMBAUGH AND BEJ:SEL Volume 79…”

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Alterations in Thyroid Physiology During Pneumococcal Septicemia in the Rat1

Shambaugh

Beisel

1966

Endocrinology

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A QABSTRACT. The impact of acute infection on iodine concentration was decreased. Kidney thyroid physiology was investigated in rats inradioactivity in the T3 and T 4 groups was unfccted with a type-specific pneumococcus. Inchanged by infection. Although infection altered fected rats showed a lower thyroidal 13I uptake bowel motility, with a resultant delay in the apCc than healthy controls at all time periods studied. pearance of radioactivity in the colon of rata Unlike in the rat, thyroidal 131 uptake curves in given 13I-T, or 1'I-T 4 , total body disappearance the infected and healthy mouse and guinea pig of the labeled hormones, followed over a period of vwere superimposable. Thyroidal I' release in the several days, was not appreciably altered. The infected rat was significantly delayed when comdecrease in thyroidal function during infection q• pared to similar release curves in uninfected appeared to be related to an intrinsic defect animals. Although the thyroid of the infected rat within the gland itself. This concept was supSresponded to a physiologic dose of exogenous ported by a marked fall in the PBI and circulat-TSH, both its uptake and release of I'I showed ing unbound thyroxine. The decrease in serum an absolute reduction. S.rum TSH levels mea-13I-T 4 ti, an increase in the per cent of unbound sured by bio-assay were not altered during infecthyroxine, and an increase in Ts resin uptake were tion. The disappearance time of MI-T 4 from postulated to be the result of a decrease in T, blood of infected rats was significantly shorter binding by serum proteins during infection. The than that of healthy controls, while disappearance failure of serum TSH levels to change appeared times of blood 'M'I-Ts were unchanged. Organ to be related to a decreased pituitary response to radioactivity was measured following serial alterations in circulating unbound thyroxine. In sacrifice after the administration of 1'I-T 4 or spite of these changes, no specific alteration in "3I-T3 to healthy and infected rats. In the T 4 thyroid physiology could be demonstrated that group radioactivity in livers from infected rats would differentiate infection from other nonwas consistently lower than in h,.althy animals, specific stresses in the rat. (Endocrinology 79: In both the infected T, and T 4 groups, thyroidal 511, 1966) T HE RESPONSE of the thyroid gland oides immitis (2). This report was followed in generalized infection has been the by a comprehensive paper by Reichlin and subject of only a few reports compared to Glaser (3), who infected rats by an intratrathe volume of literature on intrinsic dis-cheal injection of streptococci and found eases of the thyroid. Although diminished the thyroidal release of 13'I to be delayed. basal metabolic rates were reported as They postulated that reduced TSH output, early as 1926 in children and adults follow-associated with lowered food intake during ing pneumonococcal pneumonia (1), no infection, might contribute to the reduction basic research into the mechanisms of thy-of thyr...

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Alterations in Thyroid Physiology During Pneumococcal Septicemia in the Rat1

Shambaugh

Beisel

1966

Endocrinology

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“…Using bioassays, several workers have estimated the disappearance rate of relatively large amounts of heterologous TSH (bovine) administered to the rat (1)(2)(3)(4). In these studies the half-time of disappearance was between 2 and 5 minutes.…”

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Estimation of the Secretion Rate of Thyrotropin in Man*

Odell¹,

Utiger²,

Wilber³

et al. 1967

J. Clin. Invest.

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Summary. The plasma concentration of a pituitary hormone is determined by the rate of secretion, degradation, and the volume of distribution of that hormone. Using a radioimmunoassay for human thyrotropin (TSH) and human TSH-1811, we have estimated the rates of degradation and distribution of TSH in man and calculated the rate of secretion. Either 0.5 or 5 jug of TSH-131I with specific activities of 1 to 50 pc per ptg was administered intravenously to 12 euthyroid subjects. Serial determinations were made of TSH-131I, and the half-time of disappearance (tj) was thus estimated. The average tj in euthyroid subjects was 53.9 minutes with a volume of distribution averaging 5.8% of body weight. The mean endogenous plasma TSH concentration was 1.8 mpg per ml (2.7 JLU per ml in terms of the human TSH reference standard A). The mean total TSH pool, excluding the pituitary, was 5.8 ug (8.7 mU). From these data the mean secretion rate of TSH in euthyroid man was calculated to be 110.1 tg per day (165.2 mU).Similar data were estimated for 3 mildly hypothyroid patients. The tj were 75.1, 97.1, and 83.6 minutes, with a mean of 85.3 minutes (1.6 times normal). The mean TSH pool was 58.1 jug (10 times normal). The secretion rate was 688.7 pg per day (1,033.1 mU). In other hypothyroid patients, plasma TSH levels ranging from 6 to 230 mung per ml (9 to 345 JU) have been found. If similar half-times and a normal distribution volume are assumed, the secretion rate of TSH in hypothyroid patients can be estimated to range from about 260 to 15,350 ftg per day (390 to 23,025 mU) or from about 2 to 307 times normal. Therefore, the elevated plasma TSH levels found in hypothyroidism are a result of both slower degradation and increase in rate of secretion. IntroductionRelatively little information is available on the rate of turnover and secretion of thyrotropin in man or laboratory animals. Using bioassays, several workers have estimated the disappearance rate of relatively large amounts of heterologous TSH (bovine) administered to the rat (1-4). In these

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