Disaster aid? Mapping historical responses to volcanic eruptions from 1800–2000 in the English‐speaking Eastern Caribbean: their role in creating vulnerabilities

Barclay, Jenni; Robertson, R. E. A.; Scarlett, Jazmin; Pyle, David M.; Armijos, Maria Teresa

doi:10.1111/disa.12537

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This emphasises the importance of studying these eruptions, utilising as many data sources as possible, in order to better understand the volcano and the character of its eruptions so as to be better prepared for future eruptive events (e.g. Joseph et al, 2022;Barclay et al, 2022). Author contributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite measurements of plumes from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent

Taylor

Grainger

Prata

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Satellite instruments play a valuable role in detecting, monitoring and characterising emissions of ash and gas into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions. Plumes of ash and sulfur dioxide (SO2) from the April 2021 eruption of La Soufrière volcano on St Vincent in the Eastern Caribbean were observed by a multiple satellite instruments. This study looks at these plumes with two satellite instruments: the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), and the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on the MetOp platforms. Using true and false colour images, and brightness temperature difference images produced from the ABI data, a minimum of 32 eruptive events were identified. The ABI images were used to determine the approximate start and end times and character of each event. In this way the eruption has been divided into four phases: (1) an initial explosive event, (2) a sustained event lasting over nine hours, (3) a pulsatory phase with 23 explosive events in a 54 hour period and (4) a waning sequence of explosive events. The IASI instrument was used to study the dispersion of SO2 from this eruption. The results showed a highly complex structure to the plume, in terms of the column amounts and height, which is likely linked to the multiple explosive events. The SO2 is shown to have largely been emitted between 13 and 19 km. This was primarily in the upper troposphere and around the height of the tropopause, but with some emission into the stratosphere. The SO2 was transported around the globe with parts of the plume reaching as far as 45° S and 45° N. The largest SO2 atmospheric burden measured with IASI was 0.31±0.09 Tg, recorded on the 13 April 2021 (descending orbits). The SO2 masses were converted into fluxes. The SO2 flux was shown to peak on 10 April and then shown to decrease over time. By summing the IASI SO2 flux results, it is estimated that a total of 0.57±0.44 Tg of SO2 was emitted to the atmosphere. However, due to the limitations associated with the retrieval this should be considered a minimum estimate of the total mass of SO2 emitted. An average e-folding time of 7.09±5.70 days was computed based on the IASI SO2 results: similar to other tropical eruptions of this magnitude. There are a number of similarities between the 1979 and 2021 eruptions at La Soufrière. For example, both eruptions consisted of a series of explosive events with varied heights including some emission into the stratosphere. The similarities between the 1979 and 2021 highlight the importance of studying these eruptions to be prepared for future activity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite measurements of plumes from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent

Taylor

Grainger

Prata

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…La relación entre las personas y los volcanes es compleja. Una variedad de factores cognitivos, psicológicos, sociales y culturales están involucrados en las reacciones de las personas ante diferentes amenazas volcánicas (Barclay, J. et al, 2022). Una de las principales preguntas que ha sido tema de investigación en la gestión de riesgos en las últimas décadas, se centra en saber por qué las personas eligen ignorar, mitigar o minimizar los riesgos de una erupción volcánica.…”

Section: Juanunclassified

La Palma: una istla de oportunidades. Repensando el futuro a partir de la crisis volcánica

Rodríguez¹,

Hernández²

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our research team is two volcanologists, and a social scientist, albeit each with considerable experience of working across disciplinary boundaries, particularly in the context of volcanic risk (e.g. Armijos et al, 2017;Barclay et al, 2019Barclay et al, , 2022. We chose to have the two volcanologists conduct the interviews, to simulate as closely as possible a situation where scientists share stories with one another.…”

Section: Interview Framework and Hazard Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientists as Story-tellers: the explanatory power of stories told about environmental crises

Barclay¹,

Robertson²,

Armijos³

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper examines how storytelling functions to share and to shape knowledge, particularly when scientific knowledge is uncertain as a consequence of rapid environmental change. Narratives or stories are the descriptive sequencing of events to make a point. In comparison with scientific deduction, the point (plot) of a story can be either implicit or explicit, and causal links between events in the story are interpretative, rendering narrative a looser inferential framework. We explore how storytelling (the process) and stories (or narratives) involving scientists can make sense of environmental crises, where conditions change rapidly and natural, social, and scientific systems collide. We use the example of the Soufrière Hills volcanic eruption (Montserrat), and scientists’ experiences of the events during that time. We used 37 stories generated from seven semi-structured interviews and one focus group (5 scientists). We wanted to understand whether these stories generate or highlight knowledge and information that do not necessarily appear in more conventional scientific literatures relating to an environmental crisis, and how that knowledge explicitly or implicitly shapes future actions and views. In this context storytelling and stories are used in several ways: (1) evidencing the value of robust long-term monitoring strategies during crises; (2) exploring the current limits of scientific rationality, and the role of instinct in a crisis and (3) the examination of the interactions and outcomes of wide-ranging drivers of population risk. More broadly these stories allowed for the emotional intensity of these experiences to be acknowledged and discussed; the actions and outcomes of the storytelling are important. Storytelling frameworks could help scientists and wider society improve how we prepare for and respond to environmental crises.

show abstract

Disaster aid? Mapping historical responses to volcanic eruptions from 1800–2000 in the English‐speaking Eastern Caribbean: their role in creating vulnerabilities

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Satellite measurements of plumes from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent

Satellite measurements of plumes from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent

La Palma: una istla de oportunidades. Repensando el futuro a partir de la crisis volcánica

Scientists as Story-tellers: the explanatory power of stories told about environmental crises

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About