Thermoelectric sulfide materials are of particular interest
due
to the earth-abundant and cost-effective nature of sulfur. Here, we
report a new n-type degenerate semiconductor sulfide, AgBiPbS3, which adopts a Fm3̅m structure with a narrow band gap of ∼0.32 eV. Despite the
homogeneous distribution of elements at the scale of micrometer, Ag2S nanoprecipitates with dimensions of several nanometers were
detected throughout the matrix. AgBiPbS3 exhibits a low
room-temperature lattice thermal conductivity of 0.88 W m–1 K–1, owing to the intrinsic low lattice thermal
conductivity of Ag2S and the effective scattering of phonons
at nanoprecipitate boundaries. Moreover, compared to AgBiS2, AgBiPbS3 demonstrates a significantly improved weighted
mobility of >16 cm2 V–1 s–1 at 300 K, leading to an enhanced PF of 1.6 μW cm–1 K–2 at 300 K. The superior electrical transport
in AgBiPbS3 can be attributed to the high valley degeneracy
of the L point (the conduction band minimum), which
is contributed by the Pb s and Pb p orbitals. Further, Ga doping is
found to be effective in modulating the Fermi levels of AgBiPbS3, leading to further enhancement of PF with a PFave of 2.7 μW cm–1 K–2 in
the temperature range of 300–823 K. Consequently, a relatively
high ZTave of 0.22 and a peak ZT of ∼0.4 at 823
K have been achieved in 3% Ga-doped AgBiPbS3, highlighting
the potential of AgBiPbS3 as an n-type thermoelectric sulfide.