Discourse and attitudes on occupational aspirations and the issue of gender equality: What are the effects of perceived gender asymmetry and prescribed gender role?

Ndobo, André

doi:10.1016/j.erap.2013.02.003

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…attitudes about gender-stereotypic occupations, school and family roles) [ 52 , 54 , 55 , 59 , 62 , 65 , 66 , 75 , 77 , 85 , 86 , 88 , 89 , 91 , 97 , 109 , 121 , 122 , 126 , 127 ], stereotypical masculine and feminine behaviors and traits (e.g. stereotypes related to sports and intelligence) [ 45 , 51 , 63 , 64 , 68 , 72 , 73 , 78 , 87 , 95 , 96 , 110 , 118 , 125 ] or endorsement of gender inequitable norms [ 47 , 49 , 56 , 96 , 116 , 119 – 121 ]. Other measurement categories included attitudes about gender-based violence [ 55 , 58 , 67 , 108 , 119 ], evaluation of gender non-conforming behaviors [ 53 , 70 , 74 , 107 , 123 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Factors that Shape Gender Attitudes in Early Adolescence Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

Kågesten¹,

Gibbs²,

Blum³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

378

296

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BackgroundEarly adolescence (ages 10–14) is a period of increased expectations for boys and girls to adhere to socially constructed and often stereotypical norms that perpetuate gender inequalities. The endorsement of such gender norms is closely linked to poor adolescent sexual and reproductive and other health-related outcomes yet little is known about the factors that influence young adolescents’ personal gender attitudes.ObjectivesTo explore factors that shape gender attitudes in early adolescence across different cultural settings globally.MethodsA mixed-methods systematic review was conducted of the peer-reviewed literature in 12 databases from 1984–2014. Four reviewers screened the titles and abstracts of articles and reviewed full text articles in duplicate. Data extraction and quality assessments were conducted using standardized templates by study design. Thematic analysis was used to synthesize quantitative and qualitative data organized by the social-ecological framework (individual, interpersonal and community/societal-level factors influencing gender attitudes).ResultsEighty-two studies (46 quantitative, 31 qualitative, 5 mixed-methods) spanning 29 countries were included. Ninety percent of studies were from North America or Western Europe. The review findings indicate that young adolescents, across cultural settings, commonly express stereotypical or inequitable gender attitudes, and such attitudes appear to vary by individual sociodemographic characteristics (sex, race/ethnicity and immigration, social class, and age). Findings highlight that interpersonal influences (family and peers) are central influences on young adolescents’ construction of gender attitudes, and these gender socialization processes differ for boys and girls. The role of community factors (e.g. media) is less clear though there is some evidence that schools may reinforce stereotypical gender attitudes among young adolescents.ConclusionsThe findings from this review suggest that young adolescents in different cultural settings commonly endorse norms that perpetuate gender inequalities, and that parents and peers are especially central in shaping such attitudes. Programs to promote equitable gender attitudes thus need to move beyond a focus on individuals to target their interpersonal relationships and wider social environments. Such programs need to start early and be tailored to the unique needs of sub-populations of boys and girls. Longitudinal studies, particularly from low-and middle-income countries, are needed to better understand how gender attitudes unfold in adolescence and to identify the key points for intervention.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Factors that Shape Gender Attitudes in Early Adolescence Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

Kågesten¹,

Gibbs²,

Blum³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

378

296

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, the masculine typing expressed by men could reflect the will to preserve their hegemonic position in this domain, whereas women may claim a more egalitarian status (Ndobo 2013). Moreover, the effects of gender and age on gender-typing were mostly independent and no interaction was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sport = Male… But Not All Sports: Investigating the Gender Stereotypes of Sport Activities at the Explicit and Implicit Levels

et al. 2016

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“…Similarly, a recent study on French ninth graders’ attitudes and discourse about academic and vocational orientation indicated that most boys and girls associated occupations related to social work with the female gender and occupations related to technical work with the male gender. Such a result is interpreted as ‘the visible result of early socialization practices and education that leads individuals to conform to social norms’ (Ndobo, , p. 239). Accordingly, we believe that the choice of this age group is particularly relevant to document the content of a gender stereotype regarding students’ intelligence that might affect academic behaviours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of students’ intelligence malleability and potential for future success: Unfavourable beliefs towards girls

Verniers

Martinot

2015

Brit J of Edu Psychol

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Discourse and attitudes on occupational aspirations and the issue of gender equality: What are the effects of perceived gender asymmetry and prescribed gender role?

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Understanding Factors that Shape Gender Attitudes in Early Adolescence Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

Understanding Factors that Shape Gender Attitudes in Early Adolescence Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

Sport = Male… But Not All Sports: Investigating the Gender Stereotypes of Sport Activities at the Explicit and Implicit Levels

Perception of students’ intelligence malleability and potential for future success: Unfavourable beliefs towards girls

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