Discovering worst fire scenarios in subway stations: A simulation approach

Zhang, Limao; Wu, Xianguo; Liu, Menjie; Liu, Wenli; Ashuri, Baabak

doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2018.12.007

Cited by 71 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In particular, subway fire can cause a large number of casualties and property damage. Zhang et al [ 4 ] mainly classified the hazards of fire into three categories: heat, toxic gases, and smoke in his numerical simulation. Inhalation of high temperature gas may cause edema of tracheal mucosa and lead to death; excessive inhalation of toxic gases can cause coma and even death [ 5 ]; smoke from the fire worsens the situation and causes choke and poor visibility [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physiological Experimental Study on the Effect of Different Color of Safety Signs on a Virtual Subway Fire Escape—An Exploratory Case Study of Zijing Mountain Subway Station

Chen

Zhao

Gao

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Safety signs play a very important role in people’s evacuation during emergencies. In order to explore the appropriate color for subway safety signs, four safety signs of different color combinations are designed, and the virtual reality, eye-tracking technology, and physiological indicator measurement are used in a virtual subway fire escape experiment. A total of 96 participants with equal distribution in gender and four different color combination groups were recruited. Participants’ eye-tracking and physiological data (heart rate, skin conductance) were real-time recorded through ErgoLAB V3.0 in the whole experiment. The relationship between Color_of_safety_sign and escape performance, eye-tracking indicators, and physiological indicators is discussed respectively through SPSS. The results show that “Green and black” group has the best evacuation escape performance, low cognitive load, high search efficiency on safety signs, and the highest stress level and immersion and “Green and black” can be the most appropriate color for safety sign. This research is of certain significance for improving the function of subway fire-fighting infrastructure and the resilience of the metro system. Moreover, it can provide references and advice on risk management, emergency evacuation, and so on.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physiological Experimental Study on the Effect of Different Color of Safety Signs on a Virtual Subway Fire Escape—An Exploratory Case Study of Zijing Mountain Subway Station

Chen

Zhao

Gao

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The classical evaluation method of evacuation safety is regarded as a safe evacuation if the condition of ASET > RSET is satisfied from the comparison of ASET obtained from the fire analysis result and RSET obtained from the evacuation analysis [49,50]. However, since ASET > RSET is used as a judgment on the safe evacuation environment, it is impossible to quantitatively determine whether a fire effluent affects evacuee and causes death during the time taken along the evacuee evacuation route [51][52][53]. In addition, this evaluation method is likely to be overestimated, as it is considered a risk if there is any limit value for evacuation risk in space, regardless of the size of the danger zone.…”

Section: Estimate Of Fatalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Urban Planning Technique of Fire Disaster Prevention for Subway

Rie

Ryu

2020

Sustainability

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Subway infrastructure is a representative urban infrastructure for sustainable urban development as part of its policy to harmonize with economic growth. As the transportation infrastructure of large cities develops with high speed and intelligence, more attention will be paid to its safety. The main cause of death in subway fires is asphyxiation, due to the closed specificity of the underground space. Therefore, smoke exhaust facilities should be capable of minimizing the effects of smoke to ensure the safe evacuation of passengers in the event of fire. In this study, three kinds of fire locations are adopted to analyze the distribution of platform temperature, CO, and visibility in connection with the smoke exhaust system operation method. We evaluate the performance of the applicable smoke exhaust system from ASET-based untenable area analysis. Fatality evaluation by escape analysis according to the smoke exhaust system estimates the fatality based on the tenability performance evaluation. Moreover, the FED method was used to evaluate tenability performance. Therefore, the result of this study suggests a solution for sustainable subway Disaster response from the performance evaluation of the subway platform smoke exhaust system for safe evacuation of passengers, which is essential for subway construction or remodeling.

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“…[1][2][3][4] As the 1995 Baku Subway fire in Azerbaijan with more than 286 deaths and 270 injuries, and 2003 Daegu Subway in South Korea with 189 deaths are considered to be the deadliest subway disasters in the world. [5][6][7] On the other hand, the panic among the population caused by such incidents, precipitates secondary incidents increasing the destructive impact of the whole incidents. [8][9][10] For instance, the sudden braking and stopping of the Guangzhou Subway in 2013 caused the passengers of the last wagon to flee to the front of the wagon with terror leading to a number of injuries due to the stampede of the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factor’s affecting safe emergency evacuation of subways in Iran: findings of a qualitative study

Nouri

Khorasani‐Zavareh

Mohammadi³

2020

J Inj Violence Res

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Background: Development of construction and operation of subway rail transit system in populated cities of middle-and high-income countries along with the increasing population of its users, have exacerbated the safety problems of the users against incidents and emergencies in subway stations. Although subway emergency evacuation is considered by the governments and subway network organizations as a critical task related to passengers' safety at the time of emergency, the risk of mass evacuation in station is undeniable. The main objective of this study is to identify factors affecting safe evacuation of the population from subway station and to propose the strategies for addressing them based on experiences or opinions of stakeholders in Tehran Subways, Iran.Methods: This is a qualitative study that was conducted between January 2017 and December 2018, in which a semi-structured interview was conducted for 17 participants among the senior managers, executive managers, subway station operations staff, and subway passengers in Tehran subway stations, in the Capital of Iran. In order to analyze the data of this qualitative

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Discovering worst fire scenarios in subway stations: A simulation approach

Cited by 71 publications

References 38 publications

The Physiological Experimental Study on the Effect of Different Color of Safety Signs on a Virtual Subway Fire Escape—An Exploratory Case Study of Zijing Mountain Subway Station

The Physiological Experimental Study on the Effect of Different Color of Safety Signs on a Virtual Subway Fire Escape—An Exploratory Case Study of Zijing Mountain Subway Station

Sustainable Urban Planning Technique of Fire Disaster Prevention for Subway

Factor’s affecting safe emergency evacuation of subways in Iran: findings of a qualitative study

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