Discovery of a new mechanism for regulation of plant triacylglycerol metabolism: The peanut diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 gene family transcriptome is highly enriched in alternative splicing variants

Zheng, Ling; Shockey, Jay; Guo, Feng; SHI, Ling-Min; Li, Xinguo; Shan, Lei; Wan, Shungang; Peng, Zhenying

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2017.09.009

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…It should be noted that the relative contributions of DGAT and PDAT to seed TAG accumulation may vary among species (Ramli et al, 2005;Tang et al, 2012;Troncoso-Ponce et al, 2011;Woodfield et al, 2018), and it is, therefore, important to choose suitable strategies based on individual plants in manipulating oil production. The recent discovery of alternative splicing variants of peanut DGAT1, as reported by Zheng et al (2017b), represents another exciting area for further investigation. Thus far, our great progress has been made in probing the properties and regulation of DGAT1 and exploring the biotechnological uses of DGAT1.…”

Section: Closing Commentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Properties and Biotechnological Applications of Acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase and Phospholipid:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase from Terrestrial Plants and Microalgae

Caldo

Pal‐Nath

et al. 2018

Lipids

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Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the major storage lipid in most terrestrial plants and microalgae, and has great nutritional and industrial value. Since the demand for vegetable oil is consistently increasing, numerous studies have been focused on improving the TAG content and modifying the fatty‐acid compositions of plant seed oils. In addition, there is a strong research interest in establishing plant vegetative tissues and microalgae as platforms for lipid production. In higher plants and microalgae, TAG biosynthesis occurs via acyl‐CoA‐dependent or acyl‐CoA‐independent pathways. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the last and committed step in the acyl‐CoA‐dependent biosynthesis of TAG, which appears to represent a bottleneck in oil accumulation in some oilseed species. Membrane‐bound and soluble forms of DGAT have been identified with very different amino‐acid sequences and biochemical properties. Alternatively, TAG can be formed through acyl‐CoA‐independent pathways via the catalytic action of membrane‐bound phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT). As the enzymes catalyzing the terminal steps of TAG formation, DGAT and PDAT play crucial roles in determining the flux of carbon into seed TAG and thus have been considered as the key targets for engineering oil production. Here, we summarize the most recent knowledge on DGAT and PDAT in higher plants and microalgae, with the emphasis on their physiological roles, structural features, and regulation. The development of various metabolic engineering strategies to enhance the TAG content and alter the fatty‐acid composition of TAG is also discussed.

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Section: Closing Commentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Properties and Biotechnological Applications of Acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase and Phospholipid:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase from Terrestrial Plants and Microalgae

Caldo

Pal‐Nath

et al. 2018

Lipids

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“…The fatty acid content of both non-transgenic and T 3 transgenic A. thaliana was obtained using the gas chromatography protocol described by Zheng et al (2017).…”

Section: Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Family of Peanut Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes and a Functional Analysis of Four ω-3 AhFAD3 Members

et al. 2020

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The synthesis of α-linolenic acid (ALA) requires the activity of ω-3 fatty acid desaturases . The quality of peanut oil would be much improved if the content of ALA could be increased. A scan of the peanut genome revealed that it harbored 36 FAD genes, mapping to 16 of the species' 20 chromosomes. A phylogenetic analysis concluded that these genes belonged to six sub-families, namely stearoyl-acyl-acyl carrier protein desaturases (SAD), FAD2, FAD3, FAD4/5, FAD6 and FAD7/8. Of these, FAD3 and FAD7/8 encoded ω-3 FADs, while genes belonging to the other four sub-families encoded ω-6 FADs. Based on RNA-Seq data, each of the 36 FAD genes was shown to be transcribed in non-stressed plants, but there was variation between them with respect to which organs they were transcribed in. Four ω-3 AhFAD3 genes were functionally characterized; when expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts, each was localized mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum, while within peanut, the genes were more strongly transcribed in the developing seed than in either the root or the leaf. When constitutively expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, both the total fatty acid content of the seed and the relative contribution of ALA were increased. The transgenic seedlings also exhibited an improved level of survival when challenged by salinity stress.

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“…Peanut seeds are enriched in oleic acid and linoleic acid, which account for 36–67% and 15–43% of the oil content of seeds, respectively. AhDGAT1 was considered to be the key enzyme for synthesizing TAG in seeds, which preferentially incorporates unsaturated C18 FAs into TAG ( Chi et al, 2014 ; Zheng et al, 2017 ). In our transgenic peanuts overexpressing AtLEC1 , compared with that in the control, AhDGAT1 expression was significantly enhanced at three developmental stages of seeds, resulting in a remarkable increase of the oil contents of transgenic seeds, where the C18 unsaturated FAs were the major components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed-Specific Expression of AtLEC1 Increased Oil Content and Altered Fatty Acid Composition in Seeds of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Tang

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oil crops and is the fifth largest source of plant oils in the world. Numerous genes participate in regulating the biosynthesis and accumulation of the storage lipids in seeds or other reservoir organs, among which several transcription factors, such as LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (AtLEC1), LEC2, and WRINKLED1 (WRI1), involved in embryo development also control the lipid reservoir in seeds. In this study, the AtLEC1 gene was transferred into the peanut genome and expressed in a seed-specific manner driven by the NapinA full-length promoter or its truncated 230-bp promoter. Four homozygous transgenic lines, two lines with the longer promoter and the other two with the truncated one, were selected for further analysis. The AtLEC1 mRNA level and the corresponding protein accumulation in different transgenic overexpression lines were altered, and the transgenic plants grew and developed normally without any detrimental effects on major agronomic traits. In the developing seeds of transgenic peanuts, the mRNA levels of a series of genes were upregulated. These genes are associated with fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis and lipid accumulation. The former set of genes included the homomeric ACCase A (AhACC II), the BC subunit of heteromeric ACCase (AhBC4), ketoacyl-ACP synthetase (AhKAS II), and stearoyl-ACP desaturase (AhSAD), while the latter ones were the diacylglycerol acyltransferases and oleosins (AhDGAT1, AhDGAT2, AhOle1, AhOle2, and AhOle3). The oil content and seed weight increased by 4.42–15.89% and 11.1–22.2%, respectively, and the levels of major FA components including stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid changed significantly in all different lines.

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Discovery of a new mechanism for regulation of plant triacylglycerol metabolism: The peanut diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 gene family transcriptome is highly enriched in alternative splicing variants

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Properties and Biotechnological Applications of Acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase and Phospholipid:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase from Terrestrial Plants and Microalgae

Properties and Biotechnological Applications of Acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase and Phospholipid:diacylglycerol Acyltransferase from Terrestrial Plants and Microalgae

The Family of Peanut Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes and a Functional Analysis of Four ω-3 AhFAD3 Members

Seed-Specific Expression of AtLEC1 Increased Oil Content and Altered Fatty Acid Composition in Seeds of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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