Discovery of an Electron Gyroradius Scale Current Layer: Its Relevance to Magnetic Fusion Energy, Earth's Magnetosphere, and Sunspots

Park, Jaeyoung; Lapenta, Giovanni; González-Herrero, Diego; Krall, Nicholas A.

doi:10.3389/fspas.2019.00074

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The details of the internal structure of the sheath are blurred by our choice of PIC cell size much larger than the electron gyro-radius. An improved PIC technique is reported by Park et al [22]. The Park article reports PIC simulation investigating the relationship between PIC cell size and sheath structure in simulating a picket-fence plasma device.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quasi-Spherical Net Power Fusion Reactor Based on High Temperature Superconducting Magnets

Rogers¹,

Egly²,

Wessel³

2023

Preprint

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Particle in Cell (PIC) simulation has been used to design a quasi-spherical, net power, deuterium fueled, fusion reactor incorporating high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. Using the principles of Magneto-Electrostatic Trap design of Yushmanov(1980) the reactor is predicted to have power-balance Q = 7, improving on the classic Polywell design by incorporating HTS magnets and a high-current deuteron ion beam. With these improvements, a hexahedral reactor of only 4m diameter is predicted to produce 100 megawatts of net power, in a design that is suitable for practical commercial fusion power production.

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Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quasi-Spherical Net Power Fusion Reactor Based on High Temperature Superconducting Magnets

Rogers¹,

Egly²,

Wessel³

2023

Preprint

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“…In hybrid models, the thickness is determined by the ions, but in presence of the electrons the interface becomes thinner with the physics of the electron gyromotion playing a crucial role. A recent study (Park et al., 2019) noted that as the mass ratio is changed artificially from the physical value of 1836 down to the case of an electron positron plasma, the thickness remains determined by the electron gyro scale. This effect is completely missed by hybrid models.…”

Section: Impact Of the Electrons On Macroscopic Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do We Need to Consider Electrons' Kinetic Effects to Properly Model a Planetary Magnetosphere: The Case of Mercury

et al. 2022

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Mercury and Earth are the only inner planets to have strong internal magnetic fields and consequently have planetary magnetospheres (Russell et al., 1988). The overall structure of Mercury's magnetosphere is like Earth's in that a bow shock forms upstream of the magnetopause, cusps form at dayside high latitudes, and an elongated magnetotail with a plasma sheet forms (Slavin et al., 2008;Zurbuchen et al., 2011). Critically important processes involving particle kinetics such as magnetic reconnection, wave-particle interactions, and non-adiabatic particle motion strongly influence plasma transport, energization, and loss in planetary magnetospheres. Here, we present results from a global kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation to investigate the dynamics of Mercury's magnetosphere as a coupled, interacting kinetic system with ions and electrons treated self-consistently. We examine the effects of electron kinetics, which can be important for local-global space plasma physics processes (Verscharen et al., 2021), in the context of planetary magnetospheric dynamics.Mercury has the distinction of having the smallest planetary magnetosphere in our solar system (Kivelson & Russell, 1995;Russell et al., 1988). Mariner 10 data from the 1970s established that Mercury has an intrinsic magnetic field, and this inference has been confirmed by magnetic field observations from the Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft (Anderson et al., 2008). The planet has a dipole moment of 250 nT R M 3 (where R M is Mercury's radius = 2439 km) and a tilt with respect to the planetary rotation axis of no more than 5° (

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“…Since its recent introduction, ECsim has found application in a number of applications in space [11][12][13][14][15] and in fusion [16,17]. An important improvement has removed the lack of charge conservation in the original scheme [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Implementation of the Exactly Energy Conserving Semi-Implicit (ECsim) Particle-in-Cell Method

Lapenta

2023

Physics

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The energy-conserving semi-implicit (ECsim) method presented by the author in 2017, is a particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm for the simulation of plasmas. Energy conservation is achieved within a semi-implicit formulation that does not require any non-linear solver. A mass matrix is introduced to linearly express the particle-field coupling. With the mass matrix, the algorithm preserves energy conservation to machine precision. The construction of the mass matrix is the central nature of the method and also the main cost of the computational cycle. Here, three methods that modify the construction of the mass matrix are analyzed. First, the paper considers how the sub-cycling of the particle motion modifies the mass matrix. Second, a form of smoothing that reduces the noise while retaining exact energy conservation is introduced. Finally, an approximation of the mass matrix is discussed that transforms the ECsim scheme to the implicit moment method.

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Discovery of an Electron Gyroradius Scale Current Layer: Its Relevance to Magnetic Fusion Energy, Earth's Magnetosphere, and Sunspots

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

A Quasi-Spherical Net Power Fusion Reactor Based on High Temperature Superconducting Magnets

A Quasi-Spherical Net Power Fusion Reactor Based on High Temperature Superconducting Magnets

Do We Need to Consider Electrons' Kinetic Effects to Properly Model a Planetary Magnetosphere: The Case of Mercury

Advances in the Implementation of the Exactly Energy Conserving Semi-Implicit (ECsim) Particle-in-Cell Method

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