Discovery of Living Populations of a Purported Fossil Diatom:<i>Aulacoseira scalaris</i>from Two Lakes in the Vosges Mountains (France)

Heudre, David; Moreau, Laura; Wetzel, Carlos E.; Éctor, Luc

doi:10.7872/crya/v36.iss3.2015.357

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…and A. scalaris (often reported as Aulacoseira subarctica type 2). The plankton group is associated with oligo-mesotrophic, circumneutral, and often clear waters (Håkansson, 1990; Heudre et al, 2015). Tychoplankton consists mainly of Aulacoseira spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental footprint of small-scale, historical mining and metallurgy in the Swedish boreal forest landscape: The Moshyttan blast furnace as microcosm

et al. 2019

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The history of mining and smelting and the associated pollution have been documented using lake sediments for decades, but the broader ecological implications are not well studied. We analyzed sediment profiles covering the past ~10,000 years from three lakes associated with an iron blast furnace in central Sweden, as an example of the many small-scale furnaces with historical roots in the medieval period. With a focus on long-term lake-water quality, we analyzed multiple proxies including geochemistry, pollen and charcoal, diatom composition and inferred pH, biogenic silica (bSi), visible near-infrared spectroscopy (VNIRS)-inferred lake-water total organic carbon (LW-TOC), and VNIRS-inferred sediment chlorophyll (sed-Chl). All three lakes had stable conditions during the middle Holocene (~5000 BCE to 1110 CE) typical of oligo-dystrophic lakes: pH 5.4–5.6, LW-TOC 15–18 mg L−1. The most important diatom taxa include, for example, Aulacoseira scalaris, Brachysira neoexilis, and Frustulia saxonica. From ~1150 CE, decreases in LW-TOC, bSi, and sed-Chl in all three lakes coincide with a suite of proxies indicating disturbance associated with local, small-scale agriculture, and the more widespread use of the landscape in the past (e.g. forest grazing, charcoal production). Most important was a decline in LW-TOC by 30–50% in the three lakes prior to the 20th century. In addition, the one lake (Fickeln) downstream of the smelter and main areas of cultivation experienced a shift in diatom composition (mainly increasing Asterionella formosa) and a 0.6 pH increase coinciding with increasing cereal pollen and signs of blast furnace activity. The pH did not change in the other two lakes in response to disturbance; however, these lakes show a slight increase (0.3–0.5 pH units) because of modern liming. LW-TOC has returned to background levels in the downstream lake and remains lower in the other two.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental footprint of small-scale, historical mining and metallurgy in the Swedish boreal forest landscape: The Moshyttan blast furnace as microcosm

et al. 2019

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“…Kulikovskiy et al 2012;Potapova 2014; Kulikovskiy, Lange-Bertalot, and Kuznetsova 2015;Rondón and Catalan 2017). This is also true in north-eastern France (Heudre et al 2015(Heudre et al , 2017(Heudre et al , 2018(Heudre et al , 2019. Increasing survey of those environments will most likely reveal their remaining unexplored biodiversity potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Two sub-Antarctic and Northern Europe distributed diatom species found in a middle-mountain lake in France

Heudre¹,

Wetzel

Vijver

et al. 2019

Botany Letters

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During a survey of the diatom flora of Longemer Lake (Xonrupt-Longemer, Vosges, France), two species with an unusual biogeographical distribution were observed. Psammothidium abundans, previously considered being a sub-Antarctic endemic but today also found in rivers in Sweden, Ireland and the UK, and Achnanthidium sublineare, up to now confined to northern Europe, were identified. These are the first records of these rare diatom species in France (A. sublineare) and in a European lake (P. abundans). Since there are only a few illustrations of these two species in the literature, both populations are illustrated using light and scanning electron microscopy in order to provide a detailed morphological account. Details on their actual biogeographical distribution are added.

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Impact of eutrophication on the carbon stable‐isotopic baseline of benthic invertebrates in two deep soft‐water lakes

et al. 2017

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Sedimentary geochemical proxies and carbon stable isotopes of subfossil chironomid head capsules (δ13C) were combined to reconstruct long‐term changes in organic matter sources contributing to chironomid biomass in two soft‐water lakes (Vosges Mountains, France). Here, we test how basal carbon sources fueling the benthic food web responded to two millennia of environmental changes. Sedimentary organic matter characteristics were strongly variable over time, and were mainly influenced by human activities within the watershed basin. During the pre‐eutrophication phase, subfossil chironomid δ13C (δ13CHC) values were lower than those of sedimentary organic matter. These results suggested that chironomid larvae preferentially fed on the autochthonous part of the total sedimentary organic matter. During the modern period, higher accumulation rates of organic matter and a decrease in C/N ratio suggested a steep rise in aquatic productivity for both lakes. As suggested by the synchronous increase in organic matter δ13C values, this higher productivity and the subsequent increase in dissolved CO2 uptake may have induced either a marked increase in atmospheric CO2 uptake by phytoplankton or a reduction in the phytoplankton trophic fractionation. These changes led to overlaps in terrestrial and aquatic carbon stable‐isotopic baselines, hampering the reliable reconstruction of the chironomid palaeo‐diet. These results seem to indicate the minor role of allochthony to sustain aquatic food webs of large and soft‐water lakes, and underscore the necessity to apply an independent compound‐specific stable‐isotope analysis to better estimate the temporal changes in isotopic baseline and, thus, strengthen the reliability of the chironomid palaeo‐diet reconstructions.

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Discovery of Living Populations of a Purported Fossil Diatom:Aulacoseira scalarisfrom Two Lakes in the Vosges Mountains (France)

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Environmental footprint of small-scale, historical mining and metallurgy in the Swedish boreal forest landscape: The Moshyttan blast furnace as microcosm

Environmental footprint of small-scale, historical mining and metallurgy in the Swedish boreal forest landscape: The Moshyttan blast furnace as microcosm

Two sub-Antarctic and Northern Europe distributed diatom species found in a middle-mountain lake in France

Impact of eutrophication on the carbon stable‐isotopic baseline of benthic invertebrates in two deep soft‐water lakes

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