Discrete element simulation of geogrid-stabilised soil

Stahl, M.; Konietzky, Heinz; Kamp, L. te; Jas, H.

doi:10.1007/s11440-013-0265-0

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In other words, under the same pullout displacement, the peak pullout forces increase with the increase of normal stresses. e trend of pullout force is consistent with the findings reported by Tran et al [29], Stahl et al [30], Sugimoto et al [31], and Suksiripattanapong et al [32].…”

Section: Pullout Forcesupporting

confidence: 90%

Influence of Particle Orientation on the Performance of Geogrid Reinforced Ballast

Jin

et al. 2020

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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To explore the initial orientation effect of ballast assembly on the reinforcement performance of the geogrid reinforced ballast, particles with random orientation and five prescribed rotational orientations were developed through particle flow code (PFC3D). The evolution laws of the pullout force and the principal directions of the normal contact force were systematically compared and analyzed. Furthermore, the mechanical responses such as pullout force, distribution of axial force, displacement vectors, force chain, and mesoscopic fabric were discussed. According to the displacement vectors of the ballast particles, the average thickness of the stable shear band is determined. The inherent relationships among the force chain, the rotational angle of the normal contact force, and the mesoscopic fabric parameters are revealed. The results show that the pullout force of specimens with the initial orientation of 45° increases monotonously during the pullout process, and the peak value of pullout force appears at the end of the test. The mesostructural analysis also confirms that the evolution of the principal direction of contact normal force is relatively steady during the pullout process, indicating that the specimen with 45° orientation possesses higher systematic stability and ductility. Moreover, the optimum interval from 56.68° to 57.30° is observed to remain in a self-adapting state for ballast assembly.

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Section: Pullout Forcesupporting

confidence: 90%

Influence of Particle Orientation on the Performance of Geogrid Reinforced Ballast

Jin

et al. 2020

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Previous DEM studies [18,26,27] have simulated the geogrid with precise geometry using strings of parallel bonded particles in PFC3D. In the authors' previous study, a two-layer geogrid model with a realistic shape in PFC3D was used to replace a single-layer geogrid, as shown in Figure 2a,b.…”

Section: Fdm Biaxial and Triaxial Geogrids Using Flac3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through analyzing the contact between the particles and the bonded particles in the geogrid, the discrete element method can well simulate the interaction between the geogrid and the surrounding soil. Although the microscopic parameters of geogrids composed of bonded particles can be obtained through a series of index calibration tests [17,18], it is difficult to intuitively show stress-strain characteristics similar to those of a real geogrid, which makes it difficult to capture the real deformation characteristics of the geogrid in pullout simulations. To combine the advantages of these continuous and discontinuous methods, the discrete/continuous coupled numerical method can be used to simulate the interaction between the geogrid and the surrounding soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEM-FDM Coupled Numerical Study on the Reinforcement of Biaxial and Triaxial Geogrid Using Pullout Test

Jianjun

Chen

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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The key to modeling the interlocking of geogrid-reinforced ballast is considering both the continuous deformation characteristics of the geogrid and the discontinuity of the ballast particles. For this purpose, pullout tests using biaxial and triaxial geogrids were simulated using the coupled discrete element method (DEM) and finite difference method (FDM). In this coupled model, two real-shaped geogrid models with square and triangular apertures were established using the solid element in FLAC3D. Meanwhile, simplified shaped clumps were used to represent the ballast using PFC3D. The calibration test simulation showed that the accurately formed geogrid model can reproduce the deformation and strength characteristics of a geogrid. The pullout simulation results show that the DEM-FDM method can well predict the relationship between pullout force and displacement, which is more accurate than the DEM method. For ballast particles of 40 mm in size, both the experiment and simulation results showed that the triaxial geogrid of 75 mm is better than the 65-mm biaxial geogrid . In addition, the DEM-FDM method can study the interaction mechanism between the particles and the geogrid from a microscopic view, and also reveal the similar deformation behavior of the geogrid in the pullout process. Therefore, the DEM-FDM coupled method can not only investigate the interlocking mechanism between the ballast and particles but can also provide a great method for evaluating the performance of different types of geogrids.

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“…The determined microscopic parameters of soil are enlisted in Table 1. Linear parallel bond model (LPBM) could simulate colloidal bonding between two rigid body particles, and could simulate the flexural-tensile properties, thus relatively suitable for simulation of tensile properties of geogrid (Stahl et al 2014;Chen et al 2019). In this article, the ball units are adopted to build a geogrid, and grains with a diameter of 10 mm are used to simulate longitudinal bars, followed by grains with a diameter of 20 mm were selected to simulate lateral ribs ( Figure 6(a)).…”

Section: The Determination Of Calculation Parameters Of Fill Particlementioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete element analysis of structural characteristics of stepped reinforced soil retaining wall

Wang

Long

et al. 2020

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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Based on the laboratory large scale model test of the stepped reinforced soil retaining wall (RSRW), the discrete element numerical model of stepped RSRW is set up by particle flow code. The displacement of particles, stress distribution, force chain distribution, and potential failure surface of the stepped RSRW are analyzed by simulating the loading process. The results show that the geogrid can confine the horizontal displacement of soil and reinforce soil effectively. The geogrid endures the soil pressure of upside and transmits the pressure to surrounding soil, and improves the distribution of vertical soil pressure of the stepped RSRW. The number of strong force chains in the reinforced area is obviously higher than in the unreinforced area, which verifies that the geogrid can strengthen the soil. The soil particles have been in a plastic flow state and formed a continuous sliding surface at the front of retaining wall, but there was no obvious crack in the retaining wall. The potential failure surface of the stepped RSRW can be determined by observing the changes of force chain structure. The numerical simulation result of the potential failure surface is in good agreement with the theoretical calculation.

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Discrete element simulation of geogrid-stabilised soil

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Influence of Particle Orientation on the Performance of Geogrid Reinforced Ballast

Influence of Particle Orientation on the Performance of Geogrid Reinforced Ballast

DEM-FDM Coupled Numerical Study on the Reinforcement of Biaxial and Triaxial Geogrid Using Pullout Test

Discrete element analysis of structural characteristics of stepped reinforced soil retaining wall

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