Discriminating between changes in bias and changes in accuracy for recognition memory of emotional stimuli

Grider, Rebecca; Malmberg, Kenneth J.

doi:10.3758/mc.36.5.933

Cited by 54 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…If study does induce greater variance, as suggested by results from set-level ROCs, our analyses will underestimate d 0 , and bias estimates will also be affected (e.g., Grider & Malmberg, 2008). Equally, however, our results indicate that estimates of these quantities based on a zROC that aggregates over items will be in error, because zROC slopes will be biased upward by lower old than new item variance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Item effects in recognition memory for words

Freeman

Heathcote

Chalmers

et al. 2010

Journal of Memory and Language

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a b s t r a c tWe investigate the effects of word characteristics on episodic recognition memory using analyses that avoid Clark's (1973) ''language-as-a-fixed-effect" fallacy. Our results demonstrate the importance of modeling word variability and show that episodic memory for words is strongly affected by item noise (Criss & Shiffrin, 2004), as measured by the orthographic similarity between experimental items. We found that the word frequency effect was not related to the item noise effects, whereas the effect of neighborhood density, which measures the similarity of a word to all other words in the lexicon, was greatly attenuated when item noise was controlled. Our results are also consistent with a likelihood based recognition decision mechanism that produces a mirror effect by taking into account item and subject characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Item effects in recognition memory for words

Freeman

Heathcote

Chalmers

et al. 2010

Journal of Memory and Language

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show abstract

“…In practice, dramatic changes in the priors often have marginal effects on the results. The previous example of the results from Grider and Malmberg (2008) is useful for making this point. The t value of 2.03 actually corresponded to slight evidence for the null (B 01 1.56), even though the null was rejected at the p .05 level.…”

Section: Extension To Two-sample Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We highlight a few recent examples from the literature in which researchers have rejected the null even though the posterior odds do not indicate that such a rejection is warranted. Grider and Malmberg (2008) assessed whether participants remembered emotional words better than neutral ones in a recognition memory task. In their Experiment 3, they used a forced choice paradigm in which the targets and lures at test had the same emotional valence.…”

Section: Subjectivity In Priorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian t tests for accepting and rejecting the null hypothesis

Rouder

Speckman

Sun

et al. 2009

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

3,437

3,401

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“…For example, studies have shown differences in memory between pictures vs. words, words vs. non-words, emotional vs. neutral items, high vs. low arousal items, etc. (e.g., Bradley, Greenwald, Petry, & Lang, 1992;Gillund & Shiffrin, 1981;Greene, 2004;Grider & Malmberg, 2008;Kapucu, Rotello, Ready, & Seidl, 2008;Nelson, Reed, & McEvoy, 1977;Onyper, Zhang, & Howard, 2010;Paivio, 1971;Snodgrass & McClure, 1975). Our goal here is to evaluate item properties (i.e., word frequency and context variability) that play a role in the successful generation of a target word and the effectiveness of a cue word.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%