Discussing cybersecurity in maritime transportation

Bielawski, Antoni; Lazarowska, Agnieszka

doi:10.33175/mtr.2022.252151

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Exploring the nature of major security issues and potential threats to the shipping industry is crucial (Alcaide & Llave, 2020;Melnyk et.al., 2021), which causes the emerging risks in the maritime transport system (Malone & Strouboulis, 2021). Cybersecurity challenges in the maritime sector (Akpan et.al., 2022), particularly in maritime transportation (Bielawski & Lazarowska, 2021), indicate the need to improve the efficiency of safety management systems to ensure the safe operation of computer-controlled ship systems . In particular, cybersecurity of critical infrastructure facilities of the maritime sector plays a key role (Mednikarov et.al., 2020).…”

Section: Abstract ~Information Technology ~Operational Technology ~Cy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integral Approach to Vulnerability Assessment of Ship’s Critical Equipment and Systems

Melnyk

Onyshchenko

Onishchenko³

et al. 2023

Trans. Marit. Sci.

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The digital transformation of the maritime industry is almost a fait accompli. Merchant ships today use computing and cyber-dependent technologies for navigation, communications, cargo operations, environmental monitoring, and many other purposes. Nowadays, entire industries and businesses are becoming increasingly dependent on data arrays, and the maritime sector is fully experiencing this transformation. A modern commercial ship is unthinkable without digital technology, and the reasons for the deep digitalization of the fleet are numerous. Emergency systems such as safety monitoring, fire detection and alarms are increasingly reliant on cyber technology. Therefore, cybersecurity is a critical component of ship and shipping safety, and cyber-attacks on maritime transport are a very likely problem. These risks will only increase with the further development of information technology. This article proposes approaches to identifying cyber threats as well as a probabilistic assessment of ship cybersecurity, which is based on an integral approach to assessing the vulnerability of shipboard critical equipment and systems. Estimated probabilities of target and non-target cybersecurity breaches of the ship, as well as their overall probability, which allows considering all chains of events leading to a certain consequence associated with potential losses. The model of probability assessment of ship cybersecurity violation and its consequences, which allows evaluation of possible losses as a result of these events, is presented and mathematically described.

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Section: Abstract ~Information Technology ~Operational Technology ~Cy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integral Approach to Vulnerability Assessment of Ship’s Critical Equipment and Systems

Melnyk

Onyshchenko

Onishchenko³

et al. 2023

Trans. Marit. Sci.

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Full overlap ship security model: an integrative approach to shipboard equipment information security

Melnyk,

Onyshchenko,

Koskina

et al. 2024

E3S Web Conf.

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In the ever-changing landscape of maritime operations, securing critical shipboard equipment is of paramount importance. This paper propose the Full overlap ship security model (FOSM), a system designed to protect the critical equipment on board the ships. The model is a holistic combination of various security aspects, including physical protection, robust tamper protection, vigilant monitoring and incident detection, advanced anti-virus protection, fault-tolerant backup and recovery protocols, and comprehensive training modules. What makes the model unique is that it is seamlessly integrated with the very lifeblood of ships their critical equipment. This symbiotic relationship strengthens the foundation for safe operation even in the challenging and dynamic conditions of the high seas. With the (FOSM), maritime security goes beyond mere caution and becomes an assurance that allows vessels to navigate the seas with confidence, reliability and security.

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Developing a Measurement Scale to Assess the Perception of Cybersecurity Among Employees in the Maritime Industry

Aşan

2024

Journal of Naval Sciences and Engineering

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The emergence of Industry 4.0, within the historical context of industrial revolutions shaped by human needs, signifies a rapid integration of technology into society. Despite societal concerns about technology displacing human labor, cybersecurity is a significant challenge associated with Industry 4.0. This study aims to create a "5-point Likert Scale" to assess the conceptual awareness of cybersecurity among maritime transportation sector employees. The "Cybersecurity Awareness Scale" consists of 43 queries and is subjected to rigorous validity and reliability analyses. Administered to 200 individuals in Istanbul, Türkiye, the scale revealed varying awareness levels, with information technology personnel showing high awareness and others exhibiting comparatively lower awareness, both organizationally and regarding individual security vulnerabilities. This scale contributes significantly to evaluating companies' cybersecurity awareness, aiding them in identifying strengths and weaknesses and implementing necessary measures. Future research can deepen theoretical discussions by utilizing the scale to uncover regional and sectoral differences in cybersecurity awareness. Recommendations include larger sample sizes for subsequent studies, enabling comprehensive comparisons and enriching the literature on this subject.

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Discussing cybersecurity in maritime transportation

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Integral Approach to Vulnerability Assessment of Ship’s Critical Equipment and Systems

Integral Approach to Vulnerability Assessment of Ship’s Critical Equipment and Systems

Full overlap ship security model: an integrative approach to shipboard equipment information security

Developing a Measurement Scale to Assess the Perception of Cybersecurity Among Employees in the Maritime Industry

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