Diseases Impacting Captive and Free-Ranging Cheetahs

Terio, Karen A.; Mitchell, Emily; Walzer, Chris; Schmidt‐Küntzel, Anne; Marker, Laurie; Citino, Scott B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804088-1.00025-3

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…This prevalence is attributed to an elevated stress response (Colburn et al, 2018). The presence of gastritis in only 2/6 cheetahs may reflect decreased exposure to suspected environmental stressors in our study population, compared to other groups (Munson et al, 2005; Terio et al, 2018). Cheetahs fed muscle meat once a week have a reduced odds of developing chronic gastritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…Using apparently healthy captive cheetahs, we show that endometrial gland dilation is not evenly distributed throughout the uterus, but is significantly more prevalent in the cranial uterine horns. With regard to other lesions observed, gastritis is a common finding in captive cheetahs (Colburn et al, 2018) and is regarded as one of their major diseases in captivity (Terio et al, 2018). It has been reported as highly prevalent in the North American and Southern African captive cheetah populations with 99% of individuals affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of uterine histological changes in aged captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

et al. 2020

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The histological effect on the felid uterus of sterilization, via ovariectomy or salpingectomy, is currently unknown. To investigate the association of ovariectomy or salpingectomy with uterine health, it is first necessary to establish if changes are distributed evenly throughout the uterus. Both laparoscopic ovariectomy and salpingectomy with concurrent sampling of the tip of the uterine horn are possible in the cheetah. Currently accepted practice for histopathological screening of the uterus utilizes four biopsy samples. It is not known whether this method accurately reflects the status of the entire uterus. In this study we histologically examined the uteri of six older cheetahs (one 7-year-old and five 10-10.5-year-old animals) via 21 tissue samples (three samples from seven different anatomical regions) per cheetah to determine overall uterine health. Although no defined lesions were detected, mild endometrial gland dilation, assumed to be of no functional consequence, was observed in multiple samples. The odds of observing this dilation was lowest in the uterine body and progressively increased in a cranial direction, being significantly higher at the tip of the uterine horns (OR = 11.5; 95% CI, 2.0-65.1; p = 0.006). This supported the reliability of sampling the tip of the uterine horn to screen for endometrial gland dilation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of uterine histological changes in aged captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

et al. 2020

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“…5). Disease-related mortality of wild cheetahs is minimal, but cheetahs are susceptible to anthrax (Terio et al, 2018). Since 2005 there have been no records of anthrax outbreaks (Department of Livestock and Veterinary Services, pers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reassessment of an introduced cheetah Acinonyx jubatus population in Matusadona National Park, Zimbabwe

Meer¹,

Sousa

Loveridge

2020

Oryx

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Translocations are used to mitigate human–wildlife conflict, secure population viability of isolated populations and introduce or reintroduce populations in former or new range. With wild species increasingly confined to small patches of habitat embedded in human-dominated landscapes, the use of translocations is likely to increase. The cheetah Acinonyx jubatus is a large carnivore species with a long history of translocations. As for other species, evaluation of the success of cheetah translocations is complicated by a scarcity of published results, especially of failed attempts. Yet, such information is crucial to improve future translocations. A relatively well documented case is the translocation of alleged problem cheetahs into Matusadona National Park, Zimbabwe, in the early 1990s. In this study we used a combination of survey methods to reassess the status of Matusadona's cheetah population and model current occupancy in relation to densities of competing carnivores and altitude. Our findings indicate this cheetah population has effectively been extirpated, highlighting the importance of thorough planning and standardized long-term monitoring of translocated populations for the understanding of the factors that affect translocation success.

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“…Genetic homogeneity can make a species more susceptible to ecological and environmental changes to which the world is subjected now and has been interpreted in the context of two potential risks: the expression of recessive deleterious alleles and increased vulnerability to viral and parasitic epizootics that can affect genetically uniform populations [11,12]. Cheetahs are known to be very susceptible to several feline diseases and are possibly more vulnerable due to the lack of heterogeneity in the population [11,56,57]. As cheetahs transverse the farmlands where more villages occur, the potential for disease transmission increases.…”

Section: Threats To the Cheetahmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Maasai Mara, a high incidence in sarcoptic mange in cheetahs has been linked to stress caused by tourism vehicles. Chronic stress induces immunosuppression, which in cheetahs has been found to contribute to a high occurrence of uncommon diseases, like mange, gastritis and amyloidosis [56][57][58]61].…”

Section: Threats To the Cheetahmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cheetahs Race for Survival: Ecology and Conservation

Marker¹

2019

Wildlife Population Monitoring

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Cheetahs reach speeds of up to 113 km/h accelerating from zero to 96 km/h in 3s. Revered for 5000 years throughout Asia, Europe and Africa has contributed to the species decline. Today's wild cheetah population is estimated at 7100 adult and adolescents, a 90% reduction from a century ago, and a range reduction of 9%. Over 80% live outside protected areas where human-wildlife conflict occurs. Female cheetahs live solitarily with their cubs; male cubs form lifelong coalitions. Living in low densities cheetahs' home ranges cover over 1500 km 2 , requiring large landscapes with prey. Although cheetahs' lack genetic diversity from a historic population bottleneck, their greatest conservation problems are humans. Habitat loss and declining preybase leads to conflict with livestock farmers. Additionally, illegal wildlife trafficking of cubs is affecting small populations in the Horn of Africa. Solving the cheetah conservation crisis is critical and involves addressing a complex web of social, environmental and economic issues, and depends on a holistic approach balancing the needs of humans and cheetahs sharing land. Research into conserving and restoring habitat for cheetahs includes training, the use of Livestock Guarding Dogs, and other conflict mitigation strategies, addressing habitat loss, dismantling the illegal pet trade, and encouraging coexistence.

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Diseases Impacting Captive and Free-Ranging Cheetahs

Cited by 11 publications

References 78 publications

Distribution of uterine histological changes in aged captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

Distribution of uterine histological changes in aged captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

Reassessment of an introduced cheetah Acinonyx jubatus population in Matusadona National Park, Zimbabwe

Cheetahs Race for Survival: Ecology and Conservation

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