Diseases of the Renal System

Barrell, Emily A.; Burton, Alexandra J.; Arroyo, Luis; Saulez, Montague N.; Beasley, Erin Mcconachie; Schott, Harold C.; Fultz, Lisa E.; Byers, Stacey R.; Dominguez, Brandon; Metre, David C. Van; Jones, Meredyth L.; Renter, David G.; Callan, Robert J.; Dodd, Charles C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-55445-9.00034-3

Large Animal Internal Medicine 2020

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-55445-9.00034-3

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Diseases of the Renal System

Emily A. Barrell¹,

Alexandra J. Burton²,

Luis Arroyo³

et al.

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“…Persistent high fever (>40 °C) in association with mucosal ulcerations and bilateral keratitis with corneal opacity are considered to be cardinal clinical signs of MCF but affected animals may also suffer from neurological deficits, cutaneous lesions, or diarrhea. 4,8,30 Due to sporadic incidence, governmental surveillance activities to monitor MCF in the cattle population are not implemented in Switzerland. However, MCF was detected in European syndromic surveillance programs and accounts for about 2.8% to 3.8% of investigated cases in passive bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) surveillance programs targeting animals with neurological signs (unpublished data).…”

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Cerebral Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Infection of Cattle Is Associated With a Variable Neuropathological Phenotype

et al. 2020

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Cross-species infection with ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) in cattle causes malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). MCF may involve the central nervous system (CNS) with necrotizing arteritis and/or vasculitis described to be unique to MCF and discriminatory compared to other viral CNS infections. However, a systematic histopathological characterization of the neural form of MCF in cattle is lacking. We examined medulla oblongata ( n = 9) or the entire brain ( n = 9) of 18 cattle in which OvHV-2 was identified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), in order to pinpoint potential variations in neuropathology. In 2/18 animals (11%) no lesions were identified, while 16/18 cattle (89%) had brain lesions of varying severity. Presence and quantities of OvHV-2 nucleic acid were determined by in situ hybridization and qPCR, respectively, and were related to the severity of lesions. Fifteen of 18 animals (83%) showed vasculitis, which was mainly of the lymphohistiocytic type, while pathognomonic necrotizing arteritis was only rarely present. Neuroparenchymal lesions included gliosis and/or neuronal changes in 7/16 brains with lesions (44%). The number of CD3+ lymphocytes was highest in animals with simultaneous vascular and neuroparenchymal lesions and high viral genome load. In one animal, OvHV-2 was exclusively observed in CD3+ lymphocytes but not in neurons or microglia. In conclusion, the neuropathological phenotype of bovine MCF in the brain was variable. In some cases, lesions mimicked neurotropic viral encephalitis, while pathognomonic necrotizing arteritis was not a consistent feature of neural MCF. Therefore, molecular detection of OvHV-2 is warranted in the presence of nonsuppurative encephalitis and in the absence of necrotizing arteritis.

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confidence: 99%

Cerebral Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Infection of Cattle Is Associated With a Variable Neuropathological Phenotype

et al. 2020

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Diseases of the Renal System

Cited by 1 publication

References 426 publications

Cerebral Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Infection of Cattle Is Associated With a Variable Neuropathological Phenotype

Cerebral Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Infection of Cattle Is Associated With a Variable Neuropathological Phenotype

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