Disks versus columns in the solid-phase extraction of pesticides from water

Viana, E.; Redondo, M.J.; Font, Guillermina; Moltó, J.C.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(95)00833-0

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Extraction discs enable extraction of larger volumes in a given time than do extraction columns [9]. In addition, because of the greater surface area, more particulate material can be tolerated.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Preconcentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of alkylphenols in water samples by solid-phase extraction on to poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) and quantification by liquid chromatography with UV-detection

1998

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SummaryA method for determination of alkylphenols in water samples has been developed and validated. The alkylphenols were extracted on to polystyrene solid-phase columns. Six replicates could be processed in parallel in approximately 30 min using home-made equipment. Quantification was performed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with UV-detection at 278 nm. The method has been validated for determination of 4-n-hexylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol and nonylphenol in the concentration range 1-100 jag L -1 with 4-n-heptylphenol and/or 4-n-octylphenol as internal standard(s). The repeatability of the method was 1-6 % RSD, and the intermediate precision was 1-3 % RSD at the 100 jag C -1 level. The accuracy, determined as recovery, was 98-104 %. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1-0.2 jag L -1 for 1-L water samples. The method has been used for determination of alkylphenols in samples of aquarium water.

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Section: Results and Discussion Preconcentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of alkylphenols in water samples by solid-phase extraction on to poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) and quantification by liquid chromatography with UV-detection

1998

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“…A major problem relates to the effect of the organic solvents normally used for pesticide extraction on acetylcholinesterase activity because many of these solvents are known to inhibit the AchE reaction (Campanella et al 1999;Wilkins et al 2000). At the same time, liquid extraction with organic solvents (Dean and Xiong 2000;Babic et al 1998; U.S. EPA) or solidphase extraction (SPE) (Vassilakis et al 1998;Mena et al 2002;Viana et al 1996) followed by chromatographic methods (gas chromatography or highperformance liquid chromatography) are the procedures usually adopted for pesticide determination. Extraction steps are routinely used for the measurement of pesticides from real samples and, in fact, fruit, vegetable, and cereal samples are always blended with organic solvents to achieve an efficient extraction of pesticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction and Detection of Pesticides by Cholinesterase Inhibition in a Two‐Phase System: a Strategy to Avoid Heavy Metal Interference

et al. 2005

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A novel method of extraction has been developed to avoid the presence of heavy metals during the measurement of pesticides based on acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibition. Heavy metals have been in fact demonstrated in this article to interfere when the assay is performed by using the classic spectrophotometric Ellman's method. We present the results obtained with an assay system using two different phases, one organic and the other aqueous, in which the pesticide and the enzyme are, respectively, solubilized. In a first step, the concentration of the substrate acetylthiocholine (1 mM), of the enzyme (7 mU mL 21), and the reaction time (20 min) for measurement of enzyme activity were optimized in aqueous solution. Next, the effect of an organic phase on the enzyme activity was studied by the addition of various solvents with the activity being evaluated after 10 min of mixing. It was found that by using hexane, the enzyme retained almost 100% of its

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“…Others have evaluated the use of Empore disks for the extraction of pesticide residues and other pollutants from water (Hagen et al, 1990;Davı `et al, 1992;Viana et al, 1996;Bengtsson et al, 1994;McDonnell and Rosenfeld, 1993). One reported advantage of using Empore disks for SPE is that they have a greater crosssectional area than SPE cartridges, resulting in reduced plugging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for the Analysis of Triadimefon and Ethofumesate from Dislodgeable Foliar Residues on Turfgrass by Solid-Phase Extraction and In-Vial Elution

Runes

Jenkins

Field

1999

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Triadimefon, a fungicide, and ethofumesate, an herbicide, are commonly applied to turfgrass in the Pacific Northwest, resulting in foliar residues. A simple and rapid method was developed to determine triadimefon and ethofumesate concentrations from dislodgeable foliar residues on turfgrass. Turfgrass samples were washed, and wash water containing surfactant (a 0.126% solution) was collected for residue analysis. This analytical method utilizes a 25 mm C(8) Empore disk and in-vial elution to quantitatively determine triadimefon and ethofumesate in 170 mL aqueous samples. The analytes were eluted by placing the disk in a 2 mL autosampler vial with 980 microL of ethyl acetate and 20 microL of 2-chlorolepidine, the internal standard, for analysis by GC/MS. The method quantitation limits are 0.29 microg/L for ethofumesate and 0.59 microg/L for triadimefon. The method detection limits are 0.047 microg/L and 0.29 microg/L for ethofumesate and triadimefon, respectively. Concentrations of triadimefon and ethofumesate from dislodgeable foliar residues from a field study are reported.

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Disks versus columns in the solid-phase extraction of pesticides from water

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Determination of alkylphenols in water samples by solid-phase extraction on to poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) and quantification by liquid chromatography with UV-detection

Determination of alkylphenols in water samples by solid-phase extraction on to poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) and quantification by liquid chromatography with UV-detection

Extraction and Detection of Pesticides by Cholinesterase Inhibition in a Two‐Phase System: a Strategy to Avoid Heavy Metal Interference

Method for the Analysis of Triadimefon and Ethofumesate from Dislodgeable Foliar Residues on Turfgrass by Solid-Phase Extraction and In-Vial Elution

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