Disorders of the Nails and Hair Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Prose, Neil S.; Abson, Kim G.; Scher, Richard K.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1992.tb02688.x

Cited by 41 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Westerhof et al (28) reported striking dark pigmented macular areas on the dorsum of the tongue that they felt was the result of a fixed drug eruption following the inhalation of the heroin and methaqualone. Oral brownish pigmentation has also been reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients receiving treatment with zidovudine (AZT), ketoconazole and clofazamine (29). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral pigmented lesions: Clinicopathologic features and review of the literature

Gondak¹,

Silva-Jorge²,

Jorge³

et al. 2012

Med Oral

127

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the oral cavity and perioral tissues is challenging. Even though epidemiology may be of some help in orientating the clinician and even though some lesions may confidently be diagnosed on clinical grounds alone, the definitive diagnosis usually requires histopathologic evaluation. Oral pigmentation can be physiological or pathological, and exogenous or endogenous. Color, location, distribution, and duration as well as drugs use, family history, and change in pattern are important for the differential diagnosis. Dark or black pigmented lesions can be focal, multifocal or diffuse macules, including entities such as racial pigmentation, melanotic macule, melanocytic nevus, blue nevus, smoker’s melanosis, oral melanoacanthoma, pigmentation by foreign bodies or induced by drugs, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Addison´s disease and oral melanoma. The aim of this review is to present the main oral black lesions contributing to better approach of the patients. Key words:Pigmentation, melanin, oral, diagnosis, management.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral pigmented lesions: Clinicopathologic features and review of the literature

Gondak¹,

Silva-Jorge²,

Jorge³

et al. 2012

Med Oral

127

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since curvature changes (mainly clubbing) seemed to be related to the level of immunosuppression, our data reinforce the suggestion of Graham et al, who claimed that clubbing could be of importance for the definition of pediatric AIDS. 24 Transverse grooves or transverse ridging across the nail have been rarely described in HIV-positive patients 5 and are supposedly a consequence of episodes of severe illness or of serum zinc depletion. In our 12 patients with this sign, frequent computer keyboard use was noted in only 3 patients.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nail Changes in Patients Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cribier,

Mena,

Rey

et al. 1998

Arch Dermatol

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…We assessed the severity of the nail involvement with the Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI), which is a simple, objective and reproducible numeric tool . This scale rates as mild onychomycosis a score of 1–5 points, moderate or severe . We determined as the index nail the one that rated the highest score.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of improvement of onychomycosis in HIV‐infected patients after initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy without antifungal treatment

Ruíz-López

Moreno‐Coutiño

Fernández‐Martínez

et al. 2015

Mycoses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Onychomycosis in HIV-infected patients has a prevalence of 20-44% and is more frequently seen with CD4(+) T cell counts ≤450 cel μl(-1). There are case reports of improvement in onychomycosis after initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), but there are no prospective studies that prove the existence and frequency of this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to evaluate if HIV-infected patients with onychomycosis who begin cART improve and/or cure without antifungal treatment. We included HIV-infected patients with onychomycosis who had not started cART and nor received antifungal therapy during 6 months prior to the study. We evaluated affected the nails with the Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI); nail scrapings were collected and direct microscopy with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as well as mycological culture were performed. We repeated these procedures at 3 and 6 months to assess changes. CD4 T cell counts and HIV viral load were obtained. A total of 16 patients were included, with male gender predominance (68.7%); distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) was the most common form (31.3%). Trichophyton rubrum was the most frequently isolated microorganism. OSI decreased 21.5% at 3 months and 40% at 6 months after initiation of antiretrovirals (P = 0.05). We found a non-significant tendency towards improvement with higher CD4(+) T cell counts and with viral loads <100 000 copies ml(-1). This could be due to the increase in CD4(+) T cells, decreased percentage of Treg (CD4(+)CD25(+)) among CD4(+) Tcells and/or a decreased viral load; further studies are necessary to prove these hypothesis.

show abstract

Disorders of the Nails and Hair Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Cited by 41 publications

References 43 publications

Oral pigmented lesions: Clinicopathologic features and review of the literature

Oral pigmented lesions: Clinicopathologic features and review of the literature

Nail Changes in Patients Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Evaluation of improvement of onychomycosis in HIV‐infected patients after initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy without antifungal treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About