Disparties in fruit and vegetable intake by Socio-demographic characteristics in peri-urban Nepalese adults: findings from the Heart-health Associated Research and Dissemination in the Community (HARDIC) Study, Bhaktapur, Nepal

Vaidya, Abhinav; Oli, Natalia; Aryal, Umesh Raj; Karki, D B; Krettek, Alexandra

doi:10.3126/jkmc.v2i1.10512

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This suggests an urgent need for public health interventions, although local context needs to be particularly considered for this risk factor. This finding is similar to the findings of another study conducted among in a peri-urban population in Nepal, which found that about 98% of the study population consumed less than the recommended 5 servings daily of fruits and vegetables [ 28 ]. The prevalence of low fruit and vegetable intake is increasing compared to the previous STEPS survey in 2007/08, however, again this difference could be due to a difference in sampling methods between the two surveys [ 8 ] as there are contradictory reports of increased per capita vegetable consumption in the last two decades [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Burden and Determinants of Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors in Nepal: Findings from a Nationwide STEPS Survey

et al. 2015

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BackgroundWorld Health Organization (WHO) estimates for deaths attributed to Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Nepal have risen from 51% in 2010 to 60% in 2014. This study assessed the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors among the Nepalese adult population.Methods and FindingsA nationally representative cross-sectional survey was conducted from Jan to June 2013 on the prevalence of NCD risk factors using the WHO NCD STEPS instrument. A multistage cluster sampling method was used to randomly select the 4,200 respondents. The adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) was used to assess the determinants of NCD risk factors using a Poisson regression model. The prevalence of current smoking (last 30 days) was 19% (95%CI:16.6-20.6), and harmful alcohol consumption (≥60 g of pure alcohol for men and ≥40 g of pure alcohol for women on an average day) was 2% (95%CI:1.4-2.9). Almost all (99%, 95%CI:98.3-99.3) of the respondents consumed less than five servings of fruits and vegetables combined on an average day and 3% (95%CI:2.7-4.3) had low physical activity. Around 21% (95%CI:19.3-23.7) were overweight or obese (BMI≥25). The prevalence of raised blood pressure (SBP≥140 mm of Hg or DBP≥90 mm of Hg) and raised blood glucose (fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl), including those on medication were 26% (95%CI:23.6-28.0) and 4% (95%CI:2.9-4.5) respectively. Almost one quarter of respondents, 23% (95%CI:20.5-24.9), had raised total cholesterol (total cholesterol ≥190 mg/dl or under current medication for raised cholesterol). he study revealed a lower prevalence of smoking among women than men (APR:0.30; 95%CI:0.25-0.36), and in those who had higher education levels compared to those with no formal education (APR:0.39; 95%CI:0.26-0.58). Harmful alcohol use was also lower in women than men (APR:0.26; 95%CI:0.14-0.48), and in Terai residents compared to hill residents (APR:0.16; 95%CI:0.07-0.36). Physical inactivity was lower among women than men (APR:0.55; 95%CI:0.38-0.80), however women were significantly more overweight and obese (APR:1.19; 95%CI:1.02-1.39). Being overweight or obese was significantly less prevalent in mountain residents than in hill residents (APR:0.41; 95%CI:0.21-0.80), and in rural compared to urban residents (APR:1.39; 95%CI:1.15-1.67). Lower prevalence of raised blood pressure was observed among women than men (APR:0.69; 95%CI: 0.60-0.80). Higher prevalence of raised blood glucose was observed among urban residents compared to rural residents (APR:2.05; 95%CI:1.29-3.25). A higher prevalence of raised total cholesterol was observed among the respondents having higher education levels compared to those respondents having no formal education (APR:1.76; 95%CI:1.35-2.28).ConclusionThe prevalence of low fruit and vegetable consumption, overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure and raised total cholesterol is markedly high among the Nepalese population, with variation by demographic and ecological factors and urbanization. Prevention, treatment and control of NCDs and their risk factors in Nepal is an em...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Burden and Determinants of Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors in Nepal: Findings from a Nationwide STEPS Survey

et al. 2015

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“…JD-HDSS aims to collect longitudinal data on the health status of this peri-urban community, with particular focus on cardiovascular health. 13 The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as low fruit and vegetable consumption in JD-HDSS is high, 14 and cardiovascular health knowledge, attitude and practice/behaviour is poor. 15 Although unhealthy diet is a known cause of CVDs, our in-depth interviews with people affected by cardiometabolic diseases revealed frequent common misconceptions regarding the components of a healthy diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and physical activity for children's health: a qualitative study of Nepalese mothers’ perceptions

et al. 2015

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ObjectivesNon-communicable diseases account for 50% of all deaths in Nepal and 25% result from cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies in Nepal indicate a high burden of behavioural cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting a low level of knowledge, attitude and practice/behaviour regarding cardiovascular health. The behavioural foundation for a healthy lifestyle begins in early childhood, when mothers play a key role in their children's lives. This qualitative study, conducted in a Nepalese peri-urban community, aimed to explore mothers’ perception of their children's diet and physical activity.DesignWe notated, tape-recorded and transcribed all data collected from six focus group discussions, and used qualitative content analysis for evaluation and interpretation.SettingThe study was conducted in the Jhaukhel-Duwakot Health Demographic Surveillance Site in the Bhaktapur district of Nepal.ParticipantsLocal health workers helped recruit 61 women with children aged 5–10 years. We distributed participants among six different groups according to educational status.ResultsAlthough participants understood the importance of healthy food, they misunderstood its composition, perceiving it as unappetising and appropriate only for sick people. Furthermore, participants did not prioritise their children's physical activities. Moreover, mothers believed they had limited control over their children's dietary habits and physical activity. Finally, they opined that health educational programmes would help mothers and recommended various intervention strategies to increase knowledge regarding a healthy lifestyle.ConclusionsOur data reveal that mothers of young children in a peri-urban community of Nepal lack adequate and accurate understanding about the impact of a healthy diet and physical activity. Therefore, to prevent future cardiovascular disease and other non-communicable diseases among children, Nepal needs health education programmes to improve mothers’ cardiovascular health knowledge, attitude and behaviour.

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“…The per capita vegetable consumption of Nepal increased from 60 kg to 105 kg in last two decades [2]. However, fruit and vegetable consumption in Nepal is still below the WHO recommended level [4]. Chitwan district is one of the consistent vegetable suppliers for the major vegetable market of the country including the capital city, Kathmandu.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmers’ Knowledge on Pesticide Safety and Pest Management Practices: A Case Study of Vegetable Growers in Chitwan, Nepal

Rijal¹,

Regmi

Ghimire

et al. 2018

Agriculture

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Farmers' knowledge on pesticides and their safe use are critical for implementing effective pest management program. A household survey was conducted using the semi-structured questionnaire to evaluate vegetable growers' knowledge on pesticide safety and pest management practices in Nepal. Results indicated that chemical pesticides were the primary choice of over 80% growers for pest management. Notably, 90% growers were aware of adverse effects of pesticides on human health and to the environment. Over 84% growers used at least one form of personal protection equipment (PPE) during pesticide spray or handling, although the quality and appropriateness of the PPE warrants further investigation. Nearly 17% growers received at least one short-term training on integrated pest management (IPM); however, all of them neither knew the harmful effects of pesticide residues nor practiced proper pesticide disposal methods. Over 90% of growers rely on local pesticide retailers (i.e., Agro-vets) for technical know-how about pesticide selection, handling, and use. This study highlighted a need for immediate implementation of strict pesticide use regulations and recommended educational programs for pest control professionals, growers, and pesticide retailers.

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Disparties in fruit and vegetable intake by Socio-demographic characteristics in peri-urban Nepalese adults: findings from the Heart-health Associated Research and Dissemination in the Community (HARDIC) Study, Bhaktapur, Nepal

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

The Burden and Determinants of Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors in Nepal: Findings from a Nationwide STEPS Survey

The Burden and Determinants of Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors in Nepal: Findings from a Nationwide STEPS Survey

Diet and physical activity for children's health: a qualitative study of Nepalese mothers’ perceptions

Farmers’ Knowledge on Pesticide Safety and Pest Management Practices: A Case Study of Vegetable Growers in Chitwan, Nepal

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