Dispensing error rate after implementation of an automated pharmacy carousel system

Oswald, Scott; Caldwell, Richard

doi:10.2146/ajhp060313

Cited by 51 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…[3, In some research papers mixed methods were used to determine the incidence and causes of dispensing errors. [15,30,43,65] Table 3 [3, [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] summarizes the research methods employed by the identified research papers. This review has identified that the majority (88%, n = 21) of UK research papers employed incident report forms to investigate dispensing errors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[39] Dispensing error rate Forty-five reviewed papers reported the dispensing error rate in community and/or hospital pharmacy (Tables 7 and 8). [14,15,17,19,21,[24][25][26][27][28]30,32], [3,[33][34][35]38,39,[43][44][45][46][47][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] However, only 18% (n = 8) of these papers clearly defined the calculation of dispensing-error rate. [15,28,…”

Section: Operational Definitions Dispensing Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[48,72] Filling error Error caught by a pharmacist during the verification step. [66] the majority (39%) of papers it was unclear whether the numerator referred to the number of error reports or the total number of mutually exclusive errors. The denominators were most commonly defined as the number of items dispensed (37%, n = 17), prescriptions (25%, n = 11) and doses (9%, n = 4).…”

Section: Dispensing Incidentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[57,66] Klein and colleagues [57] reported that an automated dispensing system reduced the incidence of unprevented dispensing incidents from 0.84 to 0.65%. In contrast, Oswald and Caldwell [66] reported that automation increased the incidence of unprevented dispensing incidents from 0 to 0.12%. However, it is unclear whether these research papers included manually dispensed items in the post-automation analysis of unprevented dispensing incidents.…”

Section: Incidence In the Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence, type and causes of dispensing errors: a review of the literature

James¹,

Barlow²,

McArtney³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objectives To identify, review and evaluate the published literature on the incidence, type and causes of dispensing errors in community and hospital pharmacy. Method Electronic databases were searched from 1966 to February 2008. This was supplemented by hand-searching the bibliographies of retrieved articles. Analysis of the findings explored the research methods, operational definitions, incidence, type and causes of dispensing errors. Key findings Sixty papers were identified investigating dispensing errors in the UK, US, Australia, Spain and Brazil. In general, the incidence of dispensing errors varied depending on the study setting, dispensing system, research method and operational definitions. The most common dispensing errors identified by community and hospital pharmacies were dispensing the wrong drug, strength, form or quantity, or labelling medication with the incorrect directions. Factors subjectively reported as contributing to dispensing errors were look-alike, sound-alike drugs, low staffing and computer software. High workload, interruptions, distractions and inadequate lighting were objectively shown to increase the occurrence of dispensing errors. Conclusions Comparison of the reviewed studies was confounded by differences in study setting, research method and operational definitions for dispensing errors, error rate and classification of error types. The World Health Organization is currently developing global patient safety taxonomy. Such a standardized taxonomy for dispensing errors would facilitate consistent data collection and assist the development of error-reduction strategies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Operational Definitions Dispensing Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dispensing Incidentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incidence In the Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Incidence, type and causes of dispensing errors: a review of the literature

James¹,

Barlow²,

McArtney³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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“…In addition, automation Corresponding Author: Peter Ong, BSc Pharm; peter.ong.y.s@sgh.com.sg; Phone: +65 9021 1404 can potentially improve labor productivity 6 . Various types of automated options are available in the pharmacy such as automated dispensing cabinets, automated mobile medication carts, automated pharmacy carousel systems, bar-code scanning, computerized prescriber order entry, document management systems, medication packaging systems, narcotic management systems, and robotic picking machines 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of Drug Dispensing Systems on the Safety and Efficiency in a Singapore Outpatient Pharmacy

Sheng¹,

Li²,

Ai³

et al. 2014

Innov Pharm

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Optimal Sizing of an Automated Dispensing Cabinet Under Adjacency Constraints

Hachemi¹,

Gourc²,

Marmier³

2022

Healthcare Systems

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In this paper, we focus on the problem of determining the feasibility of medication assignment in an automated dispensing cabinet. Indeed, a cabinet is made up of several drawers. Each drawer is subdivided into compartments, each capable of receiving one medication type. There are medications which should not be placed in neighbouring compartments because of the risk of confusion, according to medication similarity (lookalike/sound-alike drugs) or the pharmacological incompatibility which may lead to errors in dispensing. Then, the problem consists in determining the boundary conditions necessary for the allocation of medications to the different compartments without similar/incompatible medications in close proximity to one another. First, we developed an algebraic model that calculates the upper limit (not to exceed) of appearances of a medication in all pairs of incompatible medications. Then we formulated an efficient mixed-integer linear program that checks the existence of an acceptable solution to the assignment problem.

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Dispensing error rate after implementation of an automated pharmacy carousel system

Abstract: The implementation of an APCS at a university hospital decreased medication filling errors related to automated cabinets only and did not affect other filling and dispensing errors.

Cited by 51 publications

References 1 publication

Incidence, type and causes of dispensing errors: a review of the literature

Incidence, type and causes of dispensing errors: a review of the literature

Evaluating the Impact of Drug Dispensing Systems on the Safety and Efficiency in a Singapore Outpatient Pharmacy

Optimal Sizing of an Automated Dispensing Cabinet Under Adjacency Constraints

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