Dispersive Ion Generation in Nematic Liquid Crystal Displays

Ion Transport and Switching Currents in Smectic Liquid Crystal Devices

“…In order to reach agreement with experimental conditions, often other mechanisms are also involved related to ions, such as: trapping at the interfaces [5], ion generation [6], recombination, leakage through the alignment layers [17].…”

“…This approximation is good for nematic LC devices below the switching threshold and also acceptable for SSFLC devices when the tilt is limited. We can then define the following capactitances: 6) and the ratio [8]:…”

“…The presence of ions has been detected by current measurements under sine wave, square wave or triangular voltages. Matching these measurements with numerical simulations has led to the determination of different mechanisms: drift in the electric field, diffusion, trapping at the interfaces [5], generation of new ions [6], recombination and leakage through the alignment layers.…”

The effect of dielectric constant on ion adsorption in liquid crystal devices

“…In displays, one of these effects is sometimes referred to as 'image sticking'. To understand the physical mechanisms of the generation [1][2][3][4][5] and motion [6][7][8][9][10][11] of ions in liquid crystal devices, studies have been carried out on:…”

“…• the correlation between the thickness or resistivity, or surface energy of alignment layer and leakage current [1,4,12]; • the correlation between anchoring energy of liquid crystal and ions distribution [7]; • the influence of activation energy for the ionisation chemical reaction and the adsorption energy of the ions at the surface on ion adsorption [8].…”