Disposable Nafion-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Test Strip for Electrochemical Quantitative Determination of Acetaminophen in a Finger-Prick Whole Blood Sample

Wester, Niklas; Mikladal, Bjørn; Varjos, Ilkka; Peltonen, Antti; Kalso, Eija; Lilius, Tuomas; Laurila, Tomi

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01857

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Additional characterization of similarly fabricated Nafion/SWCNT strips was conducted in a study by Wester et al 17 The thicknesses of the SWCNT/Nafion layer (fabricated with 2.5% Nafion) and the Ag reference were studied with SEM from cross-sectional samples. These samples revealed the composite nature of the SWCNT/Nafion layer, showing a mixture of the two materials on the polymer substrate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrochemical characterization of the integrated SWCNT test strips showed close to reversible electron transfer. 17 This was studied with an outer-sphere redox probe hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride (Ru(NH 3 ) 6 2+/3+ ), with which a Δ E p of 68.8 mV was obtained. The effective measurement range of these sensors was up to 1.1 V (vs Ag).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… b Results obtained from our previous work with an integrated SWCNT sensor strip coated with 2.5% Nafion. 17 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently shown that these SWCNT networks can be fabricated into disposable electrochemical sensor strips that can be used for single determinations of analytes in biological matrices. 17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 20 In our previous studies, we have seen that Nafion can be used to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of the electrode toward analgesics, including morphine, in biological matrices. 17 , 21 , 22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Detection of Morphine in Untreated Human Capillary Whole Blood

et al. 2021

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Disposable single-use electrochemical sensor strips were used for quantitative detection of small concentrations of morphine in untreated capillary whole blood. Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks were fabricated on a polymer substrate to produce flexible, reproducible sensor strips with integrated reference and counter electrodes, compatible with industrial-scale processes. A thin Nafion coating was used on top of the sensors to enable direct electrochemical detection in whole blood. These sensors were shown to detect clinically relevant concentrations of morphine both in buffer and in whole blood samples. Small 38 μL finger-prick blood samples were spiked with 2 μL of morphine solution of several concentrations and measured without precipitation of proteins or any other further pretreatment. A linear range of 0.5–10 μM was achieved in both matrices and a detection limit of 0.48 μM in buffer. In addition, to demonstrate the applicability of the sensor in a point-of-care device, single-determination measurements were done with capillary samples from three subjects. An average recovery of 60% was found, suggesting that the sensor only measures the free, unbound fraction of the drug. An interference study with other opioids and possible interferents showed the selectivity of the sensor. This study clearly indicates that these Nafion/SWCNT sensor strips show great promise as a point-of-care rapid test for morphine in blood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… b Results obtained from our previous work with an integrated SWCNT sensor strip coated with 2.5% Nafion. 17 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Detection of Morphine in Untreated Human Capillary Whole Blood

et al. 2021

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Adsorption‐Based Electrochemical Sensor Design for the Aqueous Detection of Paracetamol

De Smedt,

Lauwers,

Vereecken

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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This study investigates the critical role of adsorption in the development of electrochemical sensors, focusing on carbon (Vulcan XC72R, acetylene black, and graphite) and zeolite (high‐silica ZSM‐5 and all‐silica zeolite β) materials. Based on the paracetamol adsorption characteristics of these materials, an optimized disposable electrochemical sensor is created. This sensor exhibits a linear range of up to 5 μM and a remarkable detection limit of 150 nM (S/N = 3), ≈1000‐time improvement over the blank sensor. Moreover, paracetamol can be measured selectively because glucose has no adsorption affinity for the selected sensor materials. These findings underscore the significance of adsorption properties in sensor material selection in enhancing sensitivity and robustness against interfering species.

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Molten‐Salt‐Assisted Synthesis of Carbon‐Doped BN Nanosheets for the Sensitive Detection of Paracetamol

Shen,

Ouyang,

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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High‐performance sensors are in constant demand for health care and environmental protection. In this study, a sensitive paracetamol (PCM) sensor was designed by modifying glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with carbon‐doped boron nitride (BCN/GCE) nanosheets. The BCN nanosheets were synthesized using a molten‐salt method, which ensured the uniformity of size distribution. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results suggested that the carbon‐doping hardly changed the crystal structure and morphology of hexagonal boron nitride (HBN). However, the carbon‐doping can reduce the bandgap, increase the specific surface area and improve the electrical conductivity, which is attributed to the formation of abundant point defects in the BN crystal. These point defects modulate electronic structure and surface activity, and further improve the electrocatalytic properties of BN. The BCN nanosheets exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic activity in the oxidation of paracetamol (PCM). With the help of square wave voltammetry (SWV) method, the BCN/GCE demonstrated linear current response towards PCM covering the concentrations of 0.05–70 μM and 70–200 μM with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.0086 μM. The developed method also showed excellent selectivity and high stability. In addition, the BCN/GCE sensor worked well when it was applied to quantify PCM in actual samples.

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Disposable Nafion-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Test Strip for Electrochemical Quantitative Determination of Acetaminophen in a Finger-Prick Whole Blood Sample

Cited by 34 publications

References 52 publications

Electrochemical Detection of Morphine in Untreated Human Capillary Whole Blood

Electrochemical Detection of Morphine in Untreated Human Capillary Whole Blood

Adsorption‐Based Electrochemical Sensor Design for the Aqueous Detection of Paracetamol

Molten‐Salt‐Assisted Synthesis of Carbon‐Doped BN Nanosheets for the Sensitive Detection of Paracetamol

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