Disposition Kinetics of Tylosin Administered Intravenously and Intramuscularly in Desert Sheep and Nubian Goats

Taha, Ahmed Abdulgani; Elsheikh, Hatim Ali; Khalafalla, Abdelmalik I.; Osman, Ibrahim; Abdullah, Ahmad Fikri

doi:10.1053/tvjl.1999.0374

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…), it obeyed a two compartments-open model. 4 The elimination half-life (t 1/2β ) was 5.62 h, which was longer than those reported in sheep and goat (4.75 and 4.24 h, respectively, broiler chickens 0.52 h 2 and pigs 4.52 h. 10,11 This dissimilarity may be attributable to differences in the administered dose. The disposition kinetics of tylosin following oral administration of 50 mg tylosin/kg.b.wt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Pharmacokinetics, tissue residues and efficacy of D-Tylo50/25® (tylosin-doxycycline combination) in broiler chickens

Aboubakr

Elbadawy

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: Pharmacokinetic study of a commercial tylosin-doxycycline combination product (D-Tylo50/25®) was conducted in broiler chickens following intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration at doses of 50 mg/kgb. wt. (tylosin) and 25 mg/kg b. wt. (doxycycline).Methods: Serum drug concentrations were determined by a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using UV detection.Results: A rapid and nearly complete absorption of both drugs with a mean PO bioavailability of 89.16% (tylosin) and 94.30% (doxycycline), prolonged elimination half-lives, and high tissue penetration with steady state volume of distribution of 6.73L/kg (tylosin) and 5.51L/kg (doxycycline) were observed. Tissue residues were studied following oral administration of each drug alone for fiveconsecutive days and blood and tissue samples were obtained for 10 days after the last dose. Residues of tylosin and doxycyclines showed that kidney, liver and lung contained highest drug residues and completely disappeared from those tissues at 5 and 6 days after the last oral dose, respectively. The efficacies of D-Tylo50/25® and other antibiotics (tiamulin and oxytetracyline) were investigated in broiler chicks experimentally infected by Mycoplasma gallisepticum.Conclusions: The pharmacokinetics of both drugs was characterized by a rapid and complete absorption, extensive tissue distribution and slow elimination. D-Tylo50/25® is more effective than tiamulin and oxytetracycline against Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in broilers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Pharmacokinetics, tissue residues and efficacy of D-Tylo50/25® (tylosin-doxycycline combination) in broiler chickens

Aboubakr

Elbadawy

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…In contrast, other studies have shown that serum concentrations of tylosin fell rapidly after i.m. injection in different animal species (Duthu et al 1985;Taha et al 1999). The prolonged elimination half-lives of tylosin in the current study might have resulted from the interactions between the two drugs and the subsequent effects on metabolism and renal clearance (Kim et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Pharmacokinetic parameters and optimal dosage of a florfenicol and tylosin mixture in beagle dogs

Mechesso¹,

Lee²,

Park³

et al. 2018

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The aims of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of a florfenicol and tylosin mixture and to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of each drug following administration of the 2 : 1 florfenicol and tylosin mixture in beagle dogs. The antibacterial activity of the two antibiotics, both singly and as a mixture, was investigated in bacteria isolated from 119 beagle dogs. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the broth dilution method, whereas the checkerboard assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the combination of florfenicol and tylosin. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the two antibiotics were determined following administration of the mixture in beagle dogs. Serum concentrations of both drugs were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetics parameters such as area under the concentration-time curve, absolute bioavailability and systemic clearance were determined using noncompartmental analysis. The results showed that tylosin and florfenicol exerted varying degrees of antibacterial activity against the tested isolates. The combination of florfenicol and tylosin produced a synergistic and additive antibacterial effect. Analysis of the serum samples revealed a rapid and almost complete absorption of florfenicol and tylosin with mean bioavailabilities of 92.7% and 106.1%, respectively. The times needed to reach maximum concentration for florfenicol and tylosin were 1.5 and 3 h, respectively. Moreover, intramuscular injection of the mixture to beagle dogs resulted in serum concentrations that were higher than the corresponding minimum inhibitory concentrations in beagle dogs. This is the first study to report optimisation of florfenicol and tylosin doses following administration of a combination of the two drugs to beagle dogs.

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“…No significant difference in all pharmacokinetic parameters was observed between the two dose levels of tylosin. The experimental data in this study was best fitted to a one compartment model in accordance with previous reports in different animals [7,13,15], though other authors preferred a non compartmental model for the same route of administration [5,9]. The elimination half life of tylosin 10 mg/kg in this study (3.01 ± 2.77 hr) is higher than the reported figures in cattle and buffaloes (2.24 and 2.4 hr, respectively) [12], but significantly lower than observations in pig [9], in the latter the mean elimination half life (T 1/2eli ) of five pigs was calculated to be greater than 24 hr.…”

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confidence: 67%

“…Pharmacokinetics of tylosin has been described in many species including cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goat, dogs and birds [8,12,15,18]. Many bacteria of pig origin mainly, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Bordetella broncoseptica, Staphylococcus aureus and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae are reported to be sensitive to tylosin [14], and the response of pigs to tylosin are widely documented [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin or Florfenicol after a Single Intramuscular Administration at Two Different Doses of Tylosin-Florfenicol Combination in Pigs

Kim

Gebru

Chang

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Clinical pharmacokinetic profiles were investigated following intramuscular (i.m.) administration to pigs with a commercial tylosin-florfenicol combination product at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg tylosin and 5 mg/kg florfenicol or 10 mg/kg tylosin and 20 mg/kg florfenicol. The quantitation limit (QL) of florfenicol was 0.1 µg/ml, the inter-day and intra-day precision (CV%) were both beow 10%. The quantitation limit (QL) of tylosin was 0.05 µg/mL. The pharmacokinetic characteristics after i.m. doses were fitted by a one compartment open model. A fourfold decrease in the normal dose of each drug (20 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg for florfenicol, and 10 mg/kg to 2.5 mg/kg for tylosin) resulted in a corresponding two fold decrease in each drug of the maximum plasma concentration (C max ) and the area under curve (AUC) values.

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Disposition Kinetics of Tylosin Administered Intravenously and Intramuscularly in Desert Sheep and Nubian Goats

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Pharmacokinetics, tissue residues and efficacy of D-Tylo50/25® (tylosin-doxycycline combination) in broiler chickens

Pharmacokinetics, tissue residues and efficacy of D-Tylo50/25® (tylosin-doxycycline combination) in broiler chickens

Pharmacokinetic parameters and optimal dosage of a florfenicol and tylosin mixture in beagle dogs

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin or Florfenicol after a Single Intramuscular Administration at Two Different Doses of Tylosin-Florfenicol Combination in Pigs

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