Disruption of the Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 M1 Open Reading Frame Leads to Enhanced Reactivation from Latency

Clambey, Eric T.; Virgin, Herbert W.; Speck, Samuel H.

doi:10.1128/jvi.74.4.1973-1984.2000

Cited by 97 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

139

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Bacterial artificial chromosome derived wild-type MCMV (strain K181-Perth) and MHV68 WUMS [obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) #VR1465] were generated on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts (ATCC, #CRL-1658) as previously described (39,40). Viral stocks were propagated, clarified, and concentrated as previously described (41).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical detection of a single cytomegalovirus at an ultramicroelectrode and its antibody anchoring

Dick

Hilterbrand

Boika

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

150

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report observations of stochastic collisions of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) on ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs), extending the observation of discrete collision events on UMEs to biologically relevant analytes. Adsorption of an antibody specific for a virion surface glycoprotein allowed differentiation of MCMV from MCMV bound by antibody from the collision frequency decrease and current magnitudes in the electrochemical collision experiments, which shows the efficacy of the method to size viral samples. To add selectivity to the technique, interactions between MCMV, a glycoprotein-specific primary antibody to MCMV, and polystyrene bead "anchors," which were functionalized with a secondary antibody specific to the Fc region of the primary antibody, were used to affect virus mobility. Bead aggregation was observed, and the extent of aggregation was measured using the electrochemical collision technique. Scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy further supported aggregate shape and extent of aggregation with and without MCMV. This work extends the field of collisions to biologically relevant antigens and provides a novel foundation upon which qualitative sensor technology might be built for selective detection of viruses and other biologically relevant analytes.collisions | cytomegalovirus | electrochemistry | murine cytomegalovirus | virus O ver the past decade, the study of discrete collision events on ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) has gained attention due to the interest in understanding stochastic phenomena by electrochemistry. By observing the collisions of small particles, there is the possibility that information can be deduced that is not available in ensemble measurements. The electrochemical study of single collision events has been applied to a wide range of hard nanoparticles (NPs), which include metal, metal oxide, and organic NPs [platinum (1), silver (2), gold (3), nickel (4), copper (5), iridium oxide (6), cerium oxide (7), titanium oxide (8), silicon oxide (9), indigo (10), polystyrene (11), and relatively large aggregates of fullerene (12)]. Recently, collisions of soft particles have been investigated, such as toluene droplets (13) and liposomes (14). Also, collisions of toluene and tri-n-propylamine droplets were observed simultaneously by both electrochemical and electrogenerated chemiluminescent (ECL) measurements (15).Similarly, a variety of techniques have been developed to observe these collision events. The interested reader can consult the references for a discussion on each of the techniques used to observe stochastic events electrochemically: blocking (9, 13), electrocatalytic amplification (1), open circuit potential (16), droplet blocking/reactor (13,14), and ECL (15,17,18). The simplest and most reproducible method of observing collisions is a technique termed blocking, which is so named because particles, which are brought to the electrode by a diffusion-limited flux and/or electrophoretic migration, irreversibly adsorb (1) to the electrode surface, blocking the flux of red...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical detection of a single cytomegalovirus at an ultramicroelectrode and its antibody anchoring

Dick

Hilterbrand

Boika

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

150

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…HHV8 (or KSHV, Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus) as well as the animal g-herpesviruses, herpesvirus Saimiri (a squirrel herpesvirus), MHV68 (murine g-herpesvirus 68), and EHV2 (equine herpesvirus-2) all encode chemokines and/or chemokine receptors and many members cause fulminate lymphomas and other neoplasias in the haemopoietic system of their hosts. Animal models of herpesvirus Saimiri and MHV68, including genetically modi®ed virus (Clambey et al, 2000), have contributed to a greater understanding of the immunology and virological aspects of g-herpesvirus pathogenesis, since these viruses are able to establish both acute and persistent infection in laboratory mice (Simas and Efstathiou, 1998;Jung et al, 1999). These studies have shown that during the acute phase, virus replication is detected in multiple organs, whereas latency is mainly restricted to B-lymphocytes and macrophages.…”

Section: Virally Encoded Chemokines and Chemokine Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virally encoded 7TM receptors

Rosenkilde¹,

Waldhoer²,

Lüttichau

et al. 2001

Oncogene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…with 10 5 PFU of wild-type ␥HV68 (29), ␥HV68-open reading frame (ORF) 72 mutant (27), ␥HV68-M1 mutant (M1-LacZ and M1-␦511) (30), and ␥HV68-M1 marker rescue (␥HV68-M1-MR) (30) in 0.5 ml of DMEM. Virus stocks were grown and quantitated as previously described (27,30). Animals received humane care and treatment in accordance with institutional guidelines.…”

Section: Mice and Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of Effector Memory TCR Vβ4+CD8+ T Cells Is Associated with Latent Infection-Mediated Resistance to Transplantation Tolerance

Stapler

Lee

Selvaraj

et al. 2008

The Journal of Immunology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Therapies that control largely T cell-dependent allograft rejection in humans also possess the undesirable effect of impairing T cell function, leaving transplant recipients susceptible to opportunistic viruses. Prime among these opportunists are the ubiquitous herpesviruses. To date, studies are lacking that address the effect of viruses that establish a true latent state on allograft tolerance or the effect of tolerance protocols on the immune control of latent viruses. By using a mixed chimerism-based tolerance-induction protocol, we found that mice undergoing latent infection with γHV68, a murine γ-herpesvirus closely related to human γ-herpesviruses such as EBV and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, significantly resist tolerance to allografts. Limiting the degree of virus reactivation or innate immune response did not reconstitute chimerism in latently infected mice. However, γHV68-infected mice showed increased frequency of CD8+ T cell alloreactivity and, interestingly, expansion of virus-induced, alloreactive, “effector/effector memory” TCR Vβ4+CD8+ T cells driven by the γHV68-M1 gene was associated with resistance to tolerance induction in studies using γHV68-M1 mutant virus. These results define the viral gene and immune cell types involved in latent infection-mediated resistance to allograft tolerance and underscore the influence of latent herpesviruses on allograft survival.

show abstract

Disruption of the Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 M1 Open Reading Frame Leads to Enhanced Reactivation from Latency

Cited by 97 publications

References 36 publications

Electrochemical detection of a single cytomegalovirus at an ultramicroelectrode and its antibody anchoring

Electrochemical detection of a single cytomegalovirus at an ultramicroelectrode and its antibody anchoring

Virally encoded 7TM receptors

Expansion of Effector Memory TCR Vβ4+CD8+ T Cells Is Associated with Latent Infection-Mediated Resistance to Transplantation Tolerance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About