Disseminated Actinomycosis due to Actinomyces meyeri and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Kuijper, Ed J.; Wiggerts, H O; Jonker, G.J.; Schaal, K. P.; Gans, Jan de

doi:10.3109/00365549209054655

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Disseminated actinomycosis. Disseminated actinomycosis exhibits multiorgan involvement (9) and usually also has a polymicrobial nature; Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is often among the coinfecting organisms (89,146,147). A. meyeri in particular has a tendency to be involved in disseminated infections (89,146,148).…”

Section: Other Types Of Actinomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomyces and Related Organisms in Human Infections

2015

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SUMMARY Actinomyces israelii has long been recognized as a causative agent of actinomycosis. During the past 3 decades, a large number of novel Actinomyces species have been described. Their detection and identification in clinical microbiology laboratories and recognition as pathogens in clinical settings can be challenging. With the introduction of advanced molecular methods, knowledge about their clinical relevance is gradually increasing, and the spectrum of diseases associated with Actinomyces and Actinomyces -like organisms is widening accordingly; for example, Actinomyces meyeri , Actinomyces neuii , and Actinomyces turicensis as well as Actinotignum (formerly Actinobaculum ) schaalii are emerging as important causes of specific infections at various body sites. In the present review, we have gathered this information to provide a comprehensive and microbiologically consistent overview of the significance of Actinomyces and some closely related taxa in human infections.

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Section: Other Types Of Actinomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomyces and Related Organisms in Human Infections

2015

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“…Radiographic examinations demonstrate pulmonary infiltration, cavitary lesion, tumour-like mass [3,6,8,13]. Also they may demonstrate bone changes and pleural involvement [11,13].…”

Section: Ai Taştepe Et Al / European Journal Of Cardio-thoracic Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoracic actinomycosis

Taştepe

Ulaşan

Liman

et al. 1998

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

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Objective: Thoracic actinomycosis is a disease that is difficult to diagnose because its appearance varies from similarities with bronchogenic carcinoma to pneumonitis-like tuberculosis infections. Therefore the majority of patients undergo operations for diagnosis. We had seven patients with thoracic actinomycosis which were not diagnosed before operation. Methods: Between July 1990 and November 1997, seven patients with thoracic actinomycosis were diagnosed after thoracotomy in our centre. They all had non-specific symptoms and radiographic findings, so we failed to diagnose the disease during preoperative examinations. Therefore they all underwent thoracotomy for diagnosis. Four patients were operated because of suspicion of malignancy, two patients were operated because of pulmonary infiltration and abscess formation and one patient because of undiagnosed pulmonary infiltration. Lobectomy was performed in five of them because of destroyed lobes, and wedge resection was performed in two patients. In two patients the disease was diagnosed by fresh smears obtained from specimens in the course of operation and confirmed histopathologically and in the others histopathologically in the postoperative period. Results: Three major complications, acute renal failure, empyema and persistent air leakage developed in three cases after the operations. Bronchopleural fistula was found in only one of them and the patient died because of uncontrolled infection and sepsis on the 26th postoperative day. All of the other six cases are still alive. We did not observe any other problem in their long-term follow-up. All patients regularly took 20 million units/day of intravenous crystalline penicillin G when they were in the hospital. After that, antibiotic treatment was completed up to 2 months with procaine penicillin. Conclusions: Sometimes diagnosis of the actinomycosis of the lung is very difficult although it is an infection. In that case thoracotomy is needed for the diagnosis and sometimes for the treatment. In some cases because of the irreversible parenchymal change resective surgery may be needed. Actinomyces israelii infections should be suspected of in chronic infiltrative, nodular, cavitary process and tumour-like mass lesions besides other most probable causes. After diagnosed, it is treated using penicillin chemotherapy at least for 2 months.

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“…Both species were also isolated from multiple relapsing purulent skin lesions. The patient had a poor dentition (29). This combination of oral pathogens has been found more often in brain abscesses (69), and both species may represent a synergistic pathogenic combination (65).…”

Section: Brain and Liver Abscessmentioning

confidence: 93%

Acute focal infections of dental origin

Olsen¹,

Winkelhoff²

2014

Periodontology 2000

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This article describes the most important pus‐producing acute oral infections (dental infections) that can spread extra‐orally. Most of these infections are spread by bacteria entering the bloodstream. However, dental infections have a number of other pathways for dissemination. By forming abscesses or phlegmon they can reach facial spaces that communicate with each other and then spread downwards to the mediastinum or upwards to the brain. In such cases dental infections can become, if not properly treated, life‐threatening. It seems that early diagnosis and treatment are imperative, and potentially infectious foci should be traced and eliminated. Dental hygiene and prophylaxis to prevent dental biofilm formation are important measures to reduce the risk of these calamities. The more compromised the host defense is, the more importance should be put on these measures. Although commensal bacteria are often involved in these infections, attention should also be paid to specific periodontal pathogens, and a proper microbial diagnosis, obtained using molecular methods plus bacterial sensitivity testing, can provide the patient with optimal care. Drainage of pus must be established where possible so that the optimal effect of antibiotics can be achieved. Penicillin is still the drug of first choice in settings where suspicion of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus is low.

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Disseminated Actinomycosis due to Actinomyces meyeri and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

Actinomyces and Related Organisms in Human Infections

Actinomyces and Related Organisms in Human Infections

Thoracic actinomycosis

Acute focal infections of dental origin

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