Dissociative disorders in psychiatric inpatients

Saxe, Glenn; Kolk, Bessel A. van der; Berkowitz, Ruth; Chinman, Gary A.; Hall, Kelcey L.; Lieberg, G.; Schwartz, Jennifer

doi:10.1176/ajp.150.7.1037

Cited by 230 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The total percentage of correct classification was 96% (73/76). According to the results of the samples studied, a cutoff score of ≥8 yields a corrected positive predictive value of 84% at an estimated prevalence rate of 10% [21, 22, 23], meaning that 84% of the patients with positive scores can be expected to have a dissociative disorder. The likelihood ratio for disease at that value is 47.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discriminant ability was expressed in terms of sensitivity and specificity of the score with regard to observed caseness. As the predictive power of a test depends on prevalence [20], positive and negative predictive values were calculated using a correction for an estimated dissociative disorders prevalence rate among psychiatric outpatients of 10% [21, 22, 23]. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS-PC 6.0 [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Psychometric Characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire: A Replication Study<footref rid="foot01"><sup>1</sup></footref>

Nijenhuis

Spinhoven

Dyck

et al. 1998

Psychother Psychosom

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The present study aimed to replicate the results of previous studies concerning the development of two versions of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire. The SDQ-20 evaluates the severity of somatoform dissociative phenomena, and the SDQ-5 is a dissociative disorders screening instrument. Methods: Thirty-one patients with dissociative disorders and 45 consecutive psychiatric outpatients with other DSM-IV diagnoses completed the SDQ-20 and SDQ-5 as well as the Dissociation Questionnaire which measures psychological dissociation. Results: Mokken scale analysis showed that the items of the SDQ-20 are strongly scalable on a latent unidimensional scale. Internal consistency was high. The SDQ-20 convergent validity was supported by high intercorrelations with the DIS-Q. Dissociative patients obtained significantly higher scores than comparison patients. Patients with dissociative identity disorder scored significantly higher compared to patients with dissociative disorder nos. Sensitivity (94%) and specificity (98%) of the SDQ-5 were very satisfactory, as were, at an estimated prevalence rate of dissociative disorders of 10% among psychiatric patients, positive predictive value (84%) and negative predictive value (99%). Conclusions: All results replicated the first findings, and therefore corroborate the conclusion that the SDQ-20 and SDQ-5 are instruments of sound psychometric quality, and that somatoform dissociative phenomena are core symptoms of complex dissociative disorders.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire: A Replication Study<footref rid="foot01"><sup>1</sup></footref>

Nijenhuis

Spinhoven

Dyck

et al. 1998

Psychother Psychosom

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This study investigated the relationship between self-other source monitoring, dissociation, and psychosis. Rather than focusing on a specific disorder, a clinical sample of unspecified psychiatric inpatients was recruited because dissociation appeared to be common co-morbid psychopathology which was under-reported (Saxe et al, 1993 ; Latz et al, 1995 ; Lussier et al, 1997 ; Şar et al, 2000 ; Foote et al, 2006 ; Ginzburg et al, 2010 ). We examined whether the tendency to misattribute the source of self-generated items as obtained from others was related to both dissociative and psychotic symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Misattributing the Source of Self-Generated Representations Related to Dissociative and Psychotic Symptoms

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: An intertwined relationship has been found between dissociative and psychotic symptoms, as the two symptom clusters frequently co-occur, suggesting some shared risk factors. Using a source monitoring paradigm, previous studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia made more errors in source monitoring, suggesting that a weakened sense of individuality may be associated with psychotic symptoms. However, no studies have verified a relationship between sense of individuality and dissociation, and it is unclear whether an altered sense of individuality is a shared sociocognitive deficit underlying both dissociation and psychosis.Method: Data from 80 acute psychiatric patients with unspecified mental disorders were analyzed to test the hypothesis that an altered sense of individuality underlies dissociation and psychosis. Behavioral tasks, including tests of intelligence and source monitoring, as well as interview schedules and self-report measures of dissociative and psychotic symptoms, general psychopathology, and trauma history, were administered.Results: Significant correlations of medium effect sizes indicated an association between errors attributing the source of self-generated items and positive psychotic symptoms and the absorption and amnesia measures of dissociation. The associations with dissociative measures remained significant after the effects of intelligence, general psychopathology, and trauma history were excluded. Moreover, the relationships between source misattribution and dissociative measures remained marginally significant and significant after controlling for positive and negative psychotic symptoms, respectively.Limitations: Self-reported measures were collected from a small sample, and most of the participants were receiving medications when tested, which may have influenced their cognitive performance.Conclusions: A tendency to misidentify the source of self-generated items characterized both dissociation and psychosis. An altered sense of individuality embedded in self-referential representations appears to be a common sociocognitive deficit of dissociation and psychosis.

show abstract

“…Both mechanisms are found in eating disorders, acute stress disorders and somatically focused syndromes such as chronic fatigue [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Dissociation is a phenomenon that suspends the subjective experience of painful emotions such as fear, anger, disbelief or vulnerability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Alexithymia, Dissociation and Personality in Psychiatric Outpatients

Wise¹,

Mann²,

Sheridan³

2000

Psychother Psychosom

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The relationship between alexithymia and dissociation is not known. Both mechanisms ward off overwhelming affective states; hence, this report examines the relationship between dissociation, alexithymia, depressed mood and the five-factor model of personality in a sample of psychiatric outpatients. Methods: One hundred and sixteen outpatients were evaluated using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), NEO Five-Factor Inventory and visual analog scales assessing depression and anxiety. Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance, logistic regression and linear regression techniques. Results: Depressed mood accounted for the group differences between the global TAS and DES scores. Using DES both dimensionally and categorically with regression models, there was minimal contribution of DES or its subfactors to predict TAS. Conclusions: These data reaffirm previous findings that dissociation fundamentally differs from alexithymia. Dissociation involves a change of one’s sense, of self, whereas alexithymia reflects a cognitive state of externally oriented thinking with an inability to identify and report discrete emotions.

show abstract

Dissociative disorders in psychiatric inpatients

Abstract: A high proportion of psychiatric inpatients have significant dissociative pathology, and these symptoms are underrecognized by clinicians. The proper diagnosis of these patients has important implications for their clinical course.

Cited by 230 publications

References 18 publications

Psychometric Characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire: A Replication Study<footref rid="foot01"><sup>1</sup></footref>

Psychometric Characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire: A Replication Study<footref rid="foot01"><sup>1</sup></footref>

Misattributing the Source of Self-Generated Representations Related to Dissociative and Psychotic Symptoms

Relationship between Alexithymia, Dissociation and Personality in Psychiatric Outpatients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About