Dissolution of ethylene vinyl acetate in crystalline silicon PV modules using ultrasonic irradiation and organic solvent

Kim, Young‐Jin; Lee, Jaeryeong

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2011.11.022

Cited by 133 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…ethylene-vinyl-acetate). Various methods have been explored for effective delamination, including mechanical crushing (Giachetta et al, 2013 andBerger et al, 2010), thermal processing (Wang et al, 2012), organic solvents (Kang et al, 2012 andDoi, 2001), pyrolysis and vacuum blasting (Berger et al, 2010 andKushiya, 2003), microemulsions (Marwede and Reller, 2012) and ultrasonic radiation (Kim and Lee, 2012).…”

Section: Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

End of Life Management: Solar Photovoltaic Panels

Wade²,

2016

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Section: Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

End of Life Management: Solar Photovoltaic Panels

Wade²,

2016

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“…Approximately half of the USM separation energy is spent on removing or delaminating the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant through mechanical processes and reducing the energy for this process is a potential area for technical improvement . Preliminary lab‐scale research has identified thermal processing , organic solvents , ultrasonic radiation , micro‐emulsions , and cryogenic treatment —as alternate methods for EVA removal. With current PV recycling studies using retrospective data based on commercially mature processes, methodological advances in impact assessments are required to analyze the energy and environmental impacts of adopting these alternate lab‐scale methods at an industrial scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An anticipatory approach to quantify energetics of recycling CdTe photovoltaic systems

Ravikumar

Sinha

Seager

et al. 2015

Progress in Photovoltaics

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Rapid growth in worldwide photovoltaic (PV) systems will soon result in a massive installed base of modules, electrical systems (ES), and balance of systems (BOS) that are expected to reach their end of life after two or three decades of operation. While existing recycling technologies will likely be available for steel, copper, aluminum, and other commodity materials found in the ES and BOS, these have yet to be accounted for in studies that assess the environmental impacts of PV recycling. More problematic is the lack of research identifying strategies to improve recovery of semiconductor and other module materials and develop recycling infrastructure to minimize energy required to transport these materials. The current leader in photovoltaics recycling is First Solar, which operates facilities for processing prompt scrap, breakage, and any end-of-life CdTe PV modules. This paper presents a comprehensive energy assessment of recycling the entire CdTe PV system based on First Solar's processes and identifies hotspots that present opportunities to improve the energy balance of future recycling operations. The energy savings derived from recycling a CdTe PV system reduces the lifecycle energy footprint by approximately 24% of the energy required to manufacture the PV system. By contrast, recycling just the CdTe PV module without the BOS has an approximately neutral net energy impact, recovering 13.2 kg of glass, 0.007 kg of Cd, and 0.008 kg of Te per m 2 . Hotspot analysis shows that reducing the energy required to recover unrefined semiconductor material from the module and ensuring high recovery of steel and glass from the end-of-life CdTe PV system will have the greatest impact on the energy benefits of recycling. Also, transportation energy depends on the energy tradeoff between (i) material recovery and recycling operations at the decentralized location, and (ii) transporting, recovering, and recycling the PV system components at a centralized location. An optimal strategy (centralized versus decentralized) is presented to minimize the net energy footprint when distance to the centralized recycling facility and the recycling energy requirements at the decentralized recycling facility are varied.

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“…Si cell can be recovered without damage by EVA dissolution in organic solvent; however, the procedure cannot be employed in practical applications because the duration of treatment is more than 7 days. In order to find a more efficient process, Kim and Lee [46] investigated the dissolution of EVA in various organic solvents using probe-type ultrasonic irradiation. According to their experiment results, the complete dissolution of EVA on the sample panel was attained at a temperature of 70°C and an irradiation power of 900 W using 3MO-DCB within 30 min, and the PV cell was recovered without any cracks.…”

Section: Recent Progresses In End-of-life Pv Module Recycling Technolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on feasible recycling pathways and technologies of solar photovoltaic modules

Jiang

2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

270

119

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Dissolution of ethylene vinyl acetate in crystalline silicon PV modules using ultrasonic irradiation and organic solvent

Cited by 133 publications

References 14 publications

End of Life Management: Solar Photovoltaic Panels

End of Life Management: Solar Photovoltaic Panels

An anticipatory approach to quantify energetics of recycling CdTe photovoltaic systems

Review on feasible recycling pathways and technologies of solar photovoltaic modules

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