Dissolution Performance of Carbon/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Prepared from Fish Scales

Abstract

The utilization of waste as raw materials in the production of functional materials is a growing area of interest to promote global sustainable growth. This work studied the microstructure, chemical properties, and phosphorus (P) dissolution efficiency of carbon/hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanocomposites derived from fish scale wastes, namely FSBCs. Tilapia scales were pyrolyzed at different temperatures (450–600 °C) and the dissolution performance of the biochars in acidic media was evaluated. The pyrolysis of fish scales yielded biochars which are carbon/HAP nanocomposites of which the characteristics, including the specific surface area, carbon content, degree of crystallinity of HAP, and the degree of CO32− substitution in HAP crystals, were dependent on the pyrolysis temperature and had an influence on the dissolution efficiency. P dissolution experiments suggested that the specific surface area and the presence of carbon in the composite played an important role during the dissolution process. The presence of the organic residues on the carbon could potentially block the calcium sites on HAP from citric acid and lower the dissolution efficiency. The ratio of CO32−/PO43− substitution in HAP also affected the dissolubility of FSBCs. The manipulation of their surface area and the CO32−/PO43− ratio of these materials would allow us to increase its solubility, which could benefit a prospective application such as P fertilizer production.

Biostimulants derived from organic urban wastes and biomasses: An innovative approach

“…For HA systems, the release is less constant, and after the first step (24 h) the concentration of P released in the solution drastically decreases, while the concentration of Ca increases with time. In a recent study on the dissolution of HP obtained from fish bones, similar values of P dissolution were obtained suspending the material in a citric acid solution (Sittitut et al, 2022), suggesting that surface coverage with HAs and FAs generates a local acid environment in the presence of water that favors HP dissolution. Our results suggest that HP NPs coated with FAs is a potential material for a synergic release of crop nutrients and stimulants, presenting a more controlled and efficient dissolution with respect to HP coated with HAs.…”

Increasing the Efficiency of Cattle Bone Ash P Fertilization with Nano Technology and Its Effect on the Growth and Yield of Shallots

“…The primary challenge of using hydroxyapatite as a replacement for P fertilizer lies in its low solubility compared to other P fertilizers (Sittitut et al, 2022). Nanotechnology is employed to modify the size of hydroxyapatite particles, making them more easily absorbable by plants (Maghsoodi et al, 2020).…”