Ganming Liu and Angélica Vázquez-Ortega, Committee co-chair Cyanotoxins, which are produced and released into the surrounding water during harmful algal blooms (HABs), can severely deteriorate water quality and cause health-related issues and economic loss. HABs and cyanotoxin studies have been typically focused on the surface water domain (e.g., lakes, estuaries, and rivers), with few investigating or reporting on groundwater. This study aimed to explore whether groundwater can be contaminated by cyanotoxins (microcystins) from HABs in surface water due to surface water and groundwater interaction. Specifically, we created a 3-dimensional (3-D) MODFLOW/MT3DMS model to simulate pumping-induced reverse groundwater flow and solute transport from Lake Erie to the aquifer underneath South Bass Island in Ottawa County, Ohio. Simulation results show that, under the default setting, it took ~2 months, ~3 months and ~13 months for the water in pumping well to reach the EPA advisory levels of microcystins for detection (0.1 µg/l), infants and children (0.3 μg/l), and school-age children to adults (1.6 μg/l), respectively. Furthermore, scenario analyses showed that higher pumping rate and higher lakebed leakance would accelerate the microcystin transport to groundwater well. Higher hydraulic conductivity, interestingly, would increase the time to reach those EPA levels due to mixing and dilution effect. The 3-D model developed in this study was capable of simulating the complex surface-water and groundwater interaction and transport processes in the Great Lakes setting. As the first of its kind, this modeling study provides insight for managing coastal groundwater aquifer and resources while dealing with the threat of HABs in the Great Lakes. iv Dedicated to my father for his irreplaceable love, dedication and hard work to make me a successful person v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, I would like to thank my parents, Golam Faruque and Suchitra Chakraborty. Thank you for providing me the courage, patience, and knowledge to gain the desired goal of the research work.