Dissolved organic carbon fluxes in the Middle Atlantic Bight: An integrated approach based on satellite data and ocean model products

Mannino, Antonio; Signorini, Sérgio R.; Novak, Michael; Wilkin, John; Friedrichs, Marjorie A. M.; Najjar, Raymond G.

doi:10.1002/2015jg003031

Cited by 36 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…In that model, DOC export from the MAB to the open ocean is 4.1 ± 2.2 Tg C yr À1 or 63% of the corresponding TOC export from the MAB (64% for all of ENA). If we apply this fraction to our MAB TOC export, then we estimate MAB DOC export to be 4.1 ± 1.9 Tg C yr À1 , less than the estimates of Vlahos et al (2002) and Mannino et al (2016). An independent estimate of TOC export from the GOM to the open ocean of 1.3 ± 5.8 Tg C yr À1 was made by Charette et al (2001), which agrees, within error, with our estimate of 4.7 ± 0.8 Tg C yr À1 .…”

Section: 1002/2017gb005790mentioning

confidence: 74%

Carbon Budget of Tidal Wetlands, Estuaries, and Shelf Waters of Eastern North America

Najjar

Herrmann

Alexander

et al. 2018

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

179

140

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Carbon cycling in the coastal zone affects global carbon budgets and is critical for understanding the urgent issues of hypoxia, acidification, and tidal wetland loss. However, there are no regional carbon budgets spanning the three main ecosystems in coastal waters: tidal wetlands, estuaries, and shelf waters. Here we construct such a budget for eastern North America using historical data, empirical models, remote sensing algorithms, and process‐based models. Considering the net fluxes of total carbon at the domain boundaries, 59 ± 12% (± 2 standard errors) of the carbon entering is from rivers and 41 ± 12% is from the atmosphere, while 80 ± 9% of the carbon leaving is exported to the open ocean and 20 ± 9% is buried. Net lateral carbon transfers between the three main ecosystem types are comparable to fluxes at the domain boundaries. Each ecosystem type contributes substantially to exchange with the atmosphere, with CO2 uptake split evenly between tidal wetlands and shelf waters, and estuarine CO2 outgassing offsetting half of the uptake. Similarly, burial is about equal in tidal wetlands and shelf waters, while estuaries play a smaller but still substantial role. The importance of tidal wetlands and estuaries in the overall budget is remarkable given that they, respectively, make up only 2.4 and 8.9% of the study domain area. This study shows that coastal carbon budgets should explicitly include tidal wetlands, estuaries, shelf waters, and the linkages between them; ignoring any of them may produce a biased picture of coastal carbon cycling.

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Section: 1002/2017gb005790mentioning

confidence: 74%

Carbon Budget of Tidal Wetlands, Estuaries, and Shelf Waters of Eastern North America

Najjar

Herrmann

Alexander

et al. 2018

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

179

140

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“…To that end, two clear Level‐2 MODIS scenes were selected covering most of CB and DB, from 28 April and 23 September 2004, which represent relatively high‐ and low‐flow conditions, respectively. We then processed the images using the CDOM/DOC MLRC algorithm to derive three products, ag412 (CDOM absorption coefficient at 412 nm), spectral slope of the CDOM absorption coefficient for 275 to 295 nm (S275–295), and DOC (Mannino et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This requires the input of reflectances at 443 and 547 nm when using the algorithm derived for the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua bands. The second step is to retrieve the DOC concentration derived as a function of aCDOM412 using the algorithm of Mannino et al (). The DOC algorithm has different coefficients depending on season and location (estuaries and shelf).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CDOM represents a portion of the bulk DOC pool, and earlier studies recognized the release of DOC by phytoplankton (e.g., Bjørrisen, ; Sharp, ). Many other studies addressed the DOC production by phytoplankton (Anderson & Williams, ; Decho & Gutierrez, ; Druon et al, ; Fisher et al, ; Mannino et al, , ; Rochelle‐Newall & Fisher, ). Both CB and DB are highly productive estuaries (Harding et al, ; Pennock & Sharp, ), so it is expected that phytoplankton blooms provide an important source of DOC to both bays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remote sensing has the potential to alleviate some of the challenges associated with estimating estuaryocean exchange (Mannino et al, 2016). Satellite retrievals of dissolved and particulate organic carbon have been made in numerous coastal regions (Brezonik et al, 2015;Del Castillo & Miller, 2008;Fichot et al, 2014;Fichot & Benner, 2011;Hoge et al, 1995;Mannino et al, 2008Mannino et al, , 2014Mannino et al, , 2016Matsuoka et al, 2017;Slonecker et al, 2016;Son et al, 2009). In order to determine carbon transport, simultaneous estimates of the velocity field are needed as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estuarine Dissolved Organic Carbon Flux From Space: With Application to Chesapeake and Delaware Bays

Signorini

Mannino

Friedrichs³

et al. 2019

JGR Oceans

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This study uses a neural network model trained with in situ data, combined with satellite data and hydrodynamic model products, to compute the daily estuarine export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at the mouths of Chesapeake Bay (CB) and Delaware Bay (DB) from 2007 to 2011. Both bays show large flux variability with highest fluxes in spring and lowest in fall as well as interannual flux variability (0.18 and 0.27 Tg C/year in 2008 and 2010 for CB; 0.04 and 0.09 Tg C/year in 2008 and 2011 for DB). Based on previous estimates of total organic carbon (TOCexp) exported by all Mid‐Atlantic Bight estuaries (1.2 Tg C/year), the DOC export (CB + DB) of 0.3 Tg C/year estimated here corresponds to 25% of the TOCexp. Spatial and temporal covariations of velocity and DOC concentration provide contributions to the flux, with larger spatial influence. Differences in the discharge of fresh water into the bays (74 billion m3/year for CB and 21 billion m3/year for DB) and their geomorphologies are major drivers of the differences in DOC fluxes for these two systems. Terrestrial DOC inputs are similar to the export of DOC at the bay mouths at annual and longer time scales but diverge significantly at shorter time scales (days to months). Future efforts will expand to the Mid‐Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine, and its major rivers and estuaries, in combination with coupled terrestrial‐estuarine‐ocean biogeochemical models that include effects of climate change, such as warming and CO2 increase.

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The adsorption of dissolved organic carbon onto glass fiber filters and its effect on the measurement of particulate organic carbon: A laboratory and modeling exercise

Novak

Cetinić

Chaves

et al. 2018

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Particulate organic carbon (POC) represents a small portion of total carbon in the ocean. However, it plays a large role in the turnover of organic matter through the biological pump and other processes. Early on since the development of the POC measurement technique in the 1960s, it was known that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) adsorbs and is retained both on and in the filter. That retained DOC is measured as if it was part of the particulate fraction, an artifact that can cause significant overestimates of POC concentration. We set out to address the long‐standing question of whether the magnitude of the DOC adsorption is affected by the quantity and quality of the dissolved organic matter in the sample. However, our results precluded an unequivocal answer to that question; nevertheless, the experimental data generated did allow us to develop and test predictive models that relate the mass of carbon adsorbed to the volume of sample filtered. The results indicate that the uptake of DOC can be predicted using an exponential model and that a saturation point is approached when approximately a half‐liter of water is filtered. This model can be a valuable tool for correcting existing POC data sets that did not account for DOC adsorption. Nonetheless, this approach should not be regarded as a substitute for collecting in situ filter blanks in parallel with POC samples to properly correct for this artifact.

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Dissolved organic carbon fluxes in the Middle Atlantic Bight: An integrated approach based on satellite data and ocean model products

Cited by 36 publications

References 84 publications

Carbon Budget of Tidal Wetlands, Estuaries, and Shelf Waters of Eastern North America

Carbon Budget of Tidal Wetlands, Estuaries, and Shelf Waters of Eastern North America

Estuarine Dissolved Organic Carbon Flux From Space: With Application to Chesapeake and Delaware Bays

The adsorption of dissolved organic carbon onto glass fiber filters and its effect on the measurement of particulate organic carbon: A laboratory and modeling exercise

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